From yevgen.ionov at gmail.com  Tue Jan  4 13:59:15 2022
From: yevgen.ionov at gmail.com (Yevgen Ionov)
Date: Tue, 4 Jan 2022 12:59:15 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
Message-ID: <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>

?????? ??????,

>   ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf

?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches, ??????? ??
????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ? ????????????
ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.

??? ????? ????????? ??????:
1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ??????????  ????????????? programmable
switches & P4?
? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc ????????????? P4 ??????
?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????????, ??
???? ?? ???????????? ?????????

2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????????????
??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????


???????.


On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:

> ??????!
>
> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about buffer size? ?
> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ????? ??????, ???
> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (??? ????????? - UDP
> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ???????? ???? ??????
> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ? ??? ?????
> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>
> ?? ???????????:
>
>    - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data center fabric
>    (Verizon)
>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>    - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>    - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>    - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>
> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>
> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ??????? ???
> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>
> ??????
> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
>
> ??????,
>
> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????????
> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ???????????? ???????????? ?
> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>
> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???:
> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>
> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit through the
> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then deep buffers
> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic observation
> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but no bigger!
>
> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>
> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>
> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a buffer that
> is dimensioned to the size of:
>
> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>
> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links in a busy
> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>
> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an RTTmin of
> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering. *If it
> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to less than
> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*. With small
> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip switch ASIC.?
> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
> <https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/>
>
> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ??????
> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ???????? ????????? 48x10/25
> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ????? ??????????. ? ????
> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ?? 25), ??
> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ??????? ??????
> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>
> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
> ??????? ===
>
> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the position of
> being informed of a congestion condition well after the condition has
> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be informed of a
> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while there is still
> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver (that is before
> packet loss occurs).
>
> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [ ... ] The
> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit marking, while
> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate self-clocking
> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network buffers, leaving
> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained sources.
>
> [ ... ]
>
> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and fair
> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender pacing can
> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be absorbed by
> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily contradict the
> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network on the state
> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit (ECN) or a
> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>
>
> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>
> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??
> ????? ===
>
> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all currently
> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network could be able
> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This sorting adds
> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling pressures are
> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the additional cost of
> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency outcome in
> the switching function.
>
>
> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????????? (???? 100ms)
> ?????? ===
>
> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if the network?s
> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the analysis
> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a packet drop rate
> of less than 0.005%.
>
>
> ???????.
>
>
> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>
> ??????,
>
> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>
> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared) ????????? ???
> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? traffic
> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ??
> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ?? ?????????-??????????? -
> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??,
> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
> ????????????????????? ???????????
>
> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>
> ?????.
>
> --
> Volodymyr Litovka
>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>
> --
> Volodymyr Litovka
>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog



-- 
Best regards,

Yevgen Ionov
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From alex at euro.net.ua  Tue Jan  4 14:08:55 2022
From: alex at euro.net.ua (Alexander V Soroka)
Date: Tue, 4 Jan 2022 14:08:55 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc> 
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>

?????? !

???????? ??????? ??? ????:
ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference

??????:
...??????   ASIC   ????????   ?????????????  ??  Application  Specific
Integrated  Circuit.  ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
?????,  ?????????????  ???  ???????????  ????????????? ??? ??????????,
???????  ??????  ???????????????????  ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
?????  ???????????.  ASIC  ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
????????   ?   ??   ????????????   ???   ??????  ?????????????.  ?????
???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
????????????  ?????  ASIC,  ???????  ?????????  ???  ????? ??????????,
??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.

...   FPGA   (???  ????  ????????  ????)  ????????????????  ???
Field Programmable  Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ?
??????????????   ?????????????  ??????????  ??????  ?  ???????????????
?????????????.  ???  ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
??????? ????? ?? ????????????.

???? ????
????  ?????  ????????????????  ?????  ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
???????????,  ????  ??  ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
...

???  ?  ????  ???????:  ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
FPGA.  ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
????????  ????  ?????????  ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
?????????,  ??????  ??????  ???  ?????  "????????"  ?????? ???????????
?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
??????????   ??????????  ???????.  ???  ??-??????  ?????  ???????  ???
"????????  ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
1 ????????".

? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.


Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
YI> ?????? ??????,

>>   ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
YI> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf

YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches, ??????? ??
YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ? ????????????
YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.

YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ??????????  ????????????? programmable
YI> switches & P4?
YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc ????????????? P4 ??????
YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????????, ??
YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????

YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????????????
YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????


YI> ???????.


YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:

>> ??????!
>>
>> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
>> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about buffer size? ?
>> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
>> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ????? ??????, ???
>> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (??? ????????? - UDP
>> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
>> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ???????? ???? ??????
>> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ? ??? ?????
>> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>>
>> ?? ???????????:
>>
>>    - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data center fabric
>>    (Verizon)
>>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>>    - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>>    - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>>    - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>>
>> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>
>> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ??????? ???
>> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>>
>> ??????
>> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
>>
>> ??????,
>>
>> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????????
>> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ???????????? ???????????? ?
>> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
>> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
>> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>>
>> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???:
>> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>>
>> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit through the
>> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then deep buffers
>> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic observation
>> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but no bigger!
>>
>> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>>
>> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
>> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>>
>> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
>> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
>> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
>> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a buffer that
>> is dimensioned to the size of:
>>
>> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>>
>> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links in a busy
>> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>>
>> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an RTTmin of
>> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering. *If it
>> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to less than
>> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*. With small
>> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip switch ASIC.?
>> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
>> <https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/>
>>
>> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ??????
>> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ???????? ????????? 48x10/25
>> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ????? ??????????. ? ????
>> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ?? 25), ??
>> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ??????? ??????
>> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>>
>> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
>> ??????? ===
>>
>> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the position of
>> being informed of a congestion condition well after the condition has
>> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be informed of a
>> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while there is still
>> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver (that is before
>> packet loss occurs).
>>
>> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [ ... ] The
>> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit marking, while
>> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate self-clocking
>> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network buffers, leaving
>> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained sources.
>>
>> [ ... ]
>>
>> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and fair
>> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender pacing can
>> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
>> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be absorbed by
>> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily contradict the
>> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
>> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network on the state
>> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit (ECN) or a
>> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>>
>>
>> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>>
>> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??
>> ????? ===
>>
>> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all currently
>> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network could be able
>> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This sorting adds
>> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling pressures are
>> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the additional cost of
>> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency outcome in
>> the switching function.
>>
>>
>> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????????? (???? 100ms)
>> ?????? ===
>>
>> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if the network?s
>> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the analysis
>> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a packet drop rate
>> of less than 0.005%.
>>
>>
>> ???????.
>>
>>
>> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>>
>> ??????,
>>
>> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
>> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>>
>> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared) ????????? ???
>> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? traffic
>> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ??
>> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
>> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ?? ?????????-??????????? -
>> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??,
>> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
>> ????????????????????? ???????????
>>
>> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>>
>> ?????.
>>
>> --
>> Volodymyr Litovka
>>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>
>> --
>> Volodymyr Litovka
>>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog





-- 
Best regards,
Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
AS106-RIPE
mailto:alex at euro.net.ua


From yevgen.ionov at gmail.com  Tue Jan  4 15:31:26 2022
From: yevgen.ionov at gmail.com (Yevgen Ionov)
Date: Tue, 4 Jan 2022 14:31:26 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
Message-ID: <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>

???????????,

? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? P4 ??? ????????????????
?????-?? unusual tasks..
????????????? FPGA  ??????????? "?? ??????" ????? ???? ??
???????????, ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
Cisco ? ???????? ??????? unusual task ????????????? ??????????????? video
stream ?????? 20 sec ?? ????? DST IP/Port, ?.?. video-frame ????? ?????? 20
??? ???? ?? ?????? path ? ??? ??? ???? ?? TCP fields.
https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/emea/docs/2019/pdf/BRKDCN-2694.pdf

????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????, ???????? ???????? ? ???????????? ??
FGPA ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? ?????? ???????? ???????
????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ASIC & pre-programmed logic in OS.
The behavior of the programmable blocks is specified using P4. The Packet
buffer and Replication Engine (PRE) and the Buffer Queuing Engine (BQE) are
target dependent functional blocks that may be configured for a fixed set
of operations.

?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????, ??????????
???????? ?? ???? ????????? (??????????? ??????????, ???????? ONOS) ?
?????????? ? ? ????????????? STP ??????.
??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????
P4 ?? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????? ???-?? ??????? ??????? ? ????????
??????? ??? ???????? ?????.

???????.

On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 13:09, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:

> ?????? !
>
> ???????? ??????? ??? ????:
> ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
> https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference
>
> ??????:
> ...??????   ASIC   ????????   ?????????????  ??  Application  Specific
> Integrated  Circuit.  ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
> ?????,  ?????????????  ???  ???????????  ????????????? ??? ??????????,
> ???????  ??????  ???????????????????  ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
> ?????  ???????????.  ASIC  ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
> ????????   ?   ??   ????????????   ???   ??????  ?????????????.  ?????
> ???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
> ????????????  ?????  ASIC,  ???????  ?????????  ???  ????? ??????????,
> ??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.
>
> ...   FPGA   (???  ????  ????????  ????)  ????????????????  ???
> Field Programmable  Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ?????? ?????????????
> ?
> ??????????????   ?????????????  ??????????  ??????  ?  ???????????????
> ?????????????.  ???  ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
> ??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
> ??????? ????? ?? ????????????.
>
> ???? ????
> ????  ?????  ????????????????  ?????  ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
> ???????????,  ????  ??  ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
> ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
> ...
>
> ???  ?  ????  ???????:  ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
> FPGA.  ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
> ????????  ????  ?????????  ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
> ?????????,  ??????  ??????  ???  ?????  "????????"  ?????? ???????????
> ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
> ??????????   ??????????  ???????.  ???  ??-??????  ?????  ???????  ???
> "????????  ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
> 1 ????????".
>
> ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.
>
>
> Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov yevgen.ionov at gmail.com
> you wrote:
> YI> ?????? ??????,
>
> >>   ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
> YI> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>
> YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
> YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches, ???????
> ??
> YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
> YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ? ????????????
> YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>
> YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
> YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ??????????  ????????????? programmable
> YI> switches & P4?
> YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc ????????????? P4
> ??????
> YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
> YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????????, ??
> YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>
> YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????????????
> YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>
>
> YI> ???????.
>
>
> YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:
>
> >> ??????!
> >>
> >> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
> >> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about buffer size? ?
> >> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
> >> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ????? ??????, ???
> >> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (??? ????????? -
> UDP
> >> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
> >> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ???????? ????
> ??????
> >> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ? ???
> ?????
> >> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
> >>
> >> ?? ???????????:
> >>
> >>    - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data center fabric
> >>    (Verizon)
> >>
> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
> >>    - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
> >>
> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
> >>    - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
> >>
> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
> >>    - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
> >>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
> >>
> >> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
> >> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
> >>
> >> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ??????? ???
> >> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
> >>
> >> ??????
> >> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
> >>
> >> ??????,
> >>
> >> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
> ???????????
> >> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????????
> ???????????? ?
> >> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
> >> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
> >> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
> >>
> >> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???:
> >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
> >>
> >> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit through
> the
> >> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then deep
> buffers
> >> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic observation
> >> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but no
> bigger!
> >>
> >> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
> >>
> >> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
> >> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
> >>
> >> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
> >> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
> >> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
> >> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a buffer
> that
> >> is dimensioned to the size of:
> >>
> >> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
> >>
> >> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links in a busy
> >> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
> >>
> >> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an RTTmin
> of
> >> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering. *If it
> >> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to less
> than
> >> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*. With
> small
> >> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip switch ASIC.?
> >> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
> >> <
> https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/
> >
> >>
> >> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ??????
> >> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ???????? ?????????
> 48x10/25
> >> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ????? ??????????. ?
> ????
> >> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ?? 25), ??
> >> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ??????? ??????
> >> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
> >>
> >> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
> >> ??????? ===
> >>
> >> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the position of
> >> being informed of a congestion condition well after the condition has
> >> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be informed of a
> >> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while there is
> still
> >> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver (that is
> before
> >> packet loss occurs).
> >>
> >> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [ ... ] The
> >> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit marking, while
> >> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate self-clocking
> >> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network buffers,
> leaving
> >> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained sources.
> >>
> >> [ ... ]
> >>
> >> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and fair
> >> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender pacing can
> >> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
> >> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be absorbed by
> >> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily contradict the
> >> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
> >> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network on the
> state
> >> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit (ECN) or a
> >> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
> >>
> >>
> >> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
> >>
> >> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??
> >> ????? ===
> >>
> >> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all currently
> >> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network could be
> able
> >> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This sorting
> adds
> >> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling pressures
> are
> >> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the additional cost
> of
> >> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency outcome
> in
> >> the switching function.
> >>
> >>
> >> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????????? (????
> 100ms)
> >> ?????? ===
> >>
> >> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if the
> network?s
> >> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the analysis
> >> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a packet drop
> rate
> >> of less than 0.005%.
> >>
> >>
> >> ???????.
> >>
> >>
> >> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
> >>
> >> ??????,
> >>
> >> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
> >> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
> >>
> >> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared) ????????? ???
> >> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????
> traffic
> >> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ??
> >> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
> >> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ?? ?????????-??????????? -
> >> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????????
> ??,
> >> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
> >> ????????????????????? ???????????
> >>
> >> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
> >>
> >> ?????.
> >>
> >> --
> >> Volodymyr Litovka
> >>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
> >>
> >> --
> >> Volodymyr Litovka
> >>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
> >>
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> uanog mailing list
> >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
> >>
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> uanog mailing list
> >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
>
>
>
>
> --
> Best regards,
> Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
> AS106-RIPE
> mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog



-- 
Best regards,

Yevgen Ionov
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From doka at funlab.cc  Tue Jan  4 15:41:27 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Tue, 4 Jan 2022 15:41:27 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>

??????,

??????????????? ?? ?????? dst ip/port - ??? ?????? app layer. ???? 
?????????, ????????????, ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????????? 
??????? ???????? (??????????????, ??????????? ?/??? ???????? ?????) ? 
????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ?? ??? ?????? ???? 
???????????, ??? ????? ??????????? "????????" ????????????, ??? ???-?? 
?? ?????? ?? ???????????? "?????????" ???-?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? 
??? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? / port groups.

?????? ??????????? ? ???, ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ? ??? 
???????????? shared buffer ??? ?????-?? ?????? ?????? (??? ?????; 
??????????????? ?????? ?????? ASIC/FPGA; ??????????? ?? ????????? 
???????? ??????) ? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? 
??????? ????????? ??????, ????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? 
????????? ?????? (????? - ????? ??????????) ? ?????????????? ???????? 
?????? ? ???????? ????????? ????????.

On 04.01.2022 15:31, Yevgen Ionov wrote:
> ???????????,
>
> ? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? P4 ??? 
> ???????????????? ?????-?? unusual?tasks..
> ????????????? FPGA? ????????????"?? ??????" ????? ???? ?? 
> ???????????,?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
> Cisco ? ???????? ??????? unusual?task ????????????? ??????????????? 
> video stream ?????? 20 sec ?? ????? DST IP/Port, ?.?. video-frame 
> ????? ?????? 20 ??? ???? ?? ?????? path ? ??? ??? ???? ?? TCP fields.
> https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/emea/docs/2019/pdf/BRKDCN-2694.pdf
>
> ????????????? ??? ?? ?????????????????, ???????? ???????? ? 
> ???????????? ?? FGPA ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? 
> ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ASIC & 
> pre-programmed?logic in OS.
> The behavior of the programmable blocks is specified using P4. The 
> Packet buffer and Replication Engine (PRE) and the Buffer Queuing 
> Engine (BQE) are target dependent functional blocks that may be 
> configured for a fixed set of operations.
>
> ?? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????, 
> ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? (??????????????????????, 
> ???????? ONOS) ? ?????????? ? ? ????????????? STP ??????.
> ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????? 
> P4??? ??????????????????? ??? ????? ???-?? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? 
> ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
>
> ???????.
>
> On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 13:09, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
>
>     ?????? !
>
>     ???????? ??????? ??? ????:
>     ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
>     https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference
>
>     ??????:
>     ...??????? ?ASIC? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? Application Specific
>     Integrated? Circuit.? ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
>     ?????,? ?????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????,
>     ???????? ??????? ???????????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
>     ?????? ???????????.? ASIC? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
>     ????????? ??? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????.? ?????
>     ???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
>     ????????????? ?????? ASIC,? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????????,
>     ??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.
>
>     ...? ?FPGA? ?(???? ????? ????????? ????)? ???????????????? ???
>     Field Programmable? Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ??????
>     ????????????? ?
>     ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????????????
>     ?????????????.? ???? ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
>     ??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
>     ??????? ????? ?? ????????????.
>
>     ???? ????
>     ????? ?????? ????????????????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
>     ???????????,? ????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
>     ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
>     ...
>
>     ???? ?? ????? ???????:? ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
>     FPGA.? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
>     ????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
>     ?????????,? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? "????????"? ?????? ???????????
>     ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
>     ??????????? ???????????? ???????.? ???? ??-??????? ????? ???????? ???
>     "????????? ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
>     1 ????????".
>
>     ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.
>
>
>     Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov
>     yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
>     YI> ?????? ??????,
>
>     >>? ??? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ??????
>     ?? 2
>     YI> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>
>     YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
>     YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches,
>     ??????? ??
>     YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
>     YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ?
>     ????????????
>     YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>
>     YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
>     YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?????????? ?????????????
>     programmable
>     YI> switches & P4?
>     YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc
>     ????????????? P4 ??????
>     YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
>     YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????
>     ??????????, ??
>     YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>
>     YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???
>     ???????????????
>     YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>
>
>     YI> ???????.
>
>
>     YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk
>     <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:
>
>     >> ??????!
>     >>
>     >> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
>     >> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about
>     buffer size? ?
>     >> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
>     >> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ?????
>     ??????, ???
>     >> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (???
>     ????????? - UDP
>     >> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
>     >> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ????????
>     ???? ??????
>     >> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ?
>     ??? ?????
>     >> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>     >>
>     >> ?? ???????????:
>     >>
>     >>? ? - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data
>     center fabric
>     >>? ? (Verizon)
>     >>
>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>     >>? ? - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>     >>
>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>     >>? ? - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>     >>
>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>     >>? ? - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>     >>
>     >> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>     >> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>     >>
>     >> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?
>     ??????? ???
>     >> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>     >>
>     >> ??????
>     >> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka
>     <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
>     >>
>     >> ??????,
>     >>
>     >> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
>     ???????????
>     >> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????????
>     ???????????? ?
>     >> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
>     >> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
>     >> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>     >>
>     >> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ????????
>     ???????? ???:
>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>     >>
>     >> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit
>     through the
>     >> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then
>     deep buffers
>     >> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic
>     observation
>     >> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but
>     no bigger!
>     >>
>     >> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>     >>
>     >> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
>     >> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>     >>
>     >> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
>     >> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
>     >> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
>     >> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a
>     buffer that
>     >> is dimensioned to the size of:
>     >>
>     >> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>     >>
>     >> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links
>     in a busy
>     >> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>     >>
>     >> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an
>     RTTmin of
>     >> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering.
>     *If it
>     >> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to
>     less than
>     >> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*.
>     With small
>     >> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip
>     switch ASIC.?
>     >> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
>     >>
>     <https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/>
>     >>
>     >> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????????????
>     ?? ??????
>     >> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ????????
>     ????????? 48x10/25
>     >> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ?????
>     ??????????. ? ????
>     >> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ??
>     25), ??
>     >> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ???????
>     ??????
>     >> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>     >>
>     >> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
>     >> ??????? ===
>     >>
>     >> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the
>     position of
>     >> being informed of a congestion condition well after the
>     condition has
>     >> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be
>     informed of a
>     >> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while
>     there is still
>     >> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver
>     (that is before
>     >> packet loss occurs).
>     >>
>     >> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [
>     ... ] The
>     >> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit
>     marking, while
>     >> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate
>     self-clocking
>     >> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network
>     buffers, leaving
>     >> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained
>     sources.
>     >>
>     >> [ ... ]
>     >>
>     >> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and
>     fair
>     >> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender
>     pacing can
>     >> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
>     >> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be
>     absorbed by
>     >> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily
>     contradict the
>     >> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
>     >> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network
>     on the state
>     >> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit
>     (ECN) or a
>     >> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>     >>
>     >>
>     >> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>     >>
>     >> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ???????????
>     ??????? ??
>     >> ????? ===
>     >>
>     >> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all
>     currently
>     >> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network
>     could be able
>     >> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This
>     sorting adds
>     >> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling
>     pressures are
>     >> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the
>     additional cost of
>     >> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency
>     outcome in
>     >> the switching function.
>     >>
>     >>
>     >> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????
>     (???? 100ms)
>     >> ?????? ===
>     >>
>     >> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if
>     the network?s
>     >> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the
>     analysis
>     >> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a
>     packet drop rate
>     >> of less than 0.005%.
>     >>
>     >>
>     >> ???????.
>     >>
>     >>
>     >> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>     >>
>     >> ??????,
>     >>
>     >> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
>     >> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>     >>
>     >> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared)
>     ????????? ???
>     >> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???
>     ????? traffic
>     >> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????
>     ?????????? ??
>     >> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
>     >> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ??
>     ?????????-??????????? -
>     >> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????????
>     ?????????? ??,
>     >> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
>     >> ????????????????????? ???????????
>     >>
>     >> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>     >>
>     >> ?????.
>     >>
>     >> --
>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>     >>
>     >> --
>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>     >>
>     >> _______________________________________________
>     >> uanog mailing list
>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>     >>
>     >> _______________________________________________
>     >> uanog mailing list
>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
>
>
>
>
>     -- 
>     Best regards,
>     Alexander V Soroka http://www.svr.ua/
>     AS106-RIPE
>     mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>
>     _______________________________________________
>     uanog mailing list
>     uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>     https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
>
>
> -- 
> Best regards,
>
> Yevgen Ionov
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog

-- 
Volodymyr Litovka
   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
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From alex at euro.net.ua  Tue Jan  4 15:57:24 2022
From: alex at euro.net.ua (Alexander V Soroka)
Date: Tue, 4 Jan 2022 15:57:24 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc> 
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
Message-ID: <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>

?????? !

????  ????????  ????????  ??????  ?  ???,  ??? ?? "??????? ? ??????" ?
???????  ?????  ???  ?????? :-) ? ?? ??? ??? - ???? ?????? ????? ?????
?????? ? ?????? ??????.

?????? ? ??? ?.

1)  ??????????  ??????? ??????  ??  ??????  ???  ???  ???  ??? (??? ?? ??????)
?????????  -  ???  ??????  ???????? ????????? ??? ??????????? "???????
????????" ? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? "?????? ??? ??????? ????".
????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ??(??).

2) ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????? "? ????? ? :-)". ?????? ?? ????? ??????...
?  ???  ???,  ??  ????  ????  ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? FPGA
???????,  ????  ?????????????, ?.?. ?????? ?? ?????????? ????-????????
?????  ? ??????????? FPGA , ? ????????? ??????? ??? ???, ????? ???????
??????  ??  ???  ??  ??????  ??????,  ?  ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??
????????  ??????,  ?  ?  ??????  ????  ??????????  ???  ????? ????? ??
????????-??????????.

3)  ??????? ???????? ??? (??? ??? ?????? ? UANET ) ???????, ? ???, ???
??   ??   ???????????  ??????  ?????????????  :-)  ???  ?????  ???????
????????(?????????????) ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????.
?  ???  ???,  ??  ??????, ?????? ?? ?????????, ???????? ? ????????????
????????????  ?????????  ???????  -  ??????  ??? ??? ??? ?????????????
??????  ???????  ??????  ?  ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????????
???????.  ?  ??????  ???  ??????  ??  ?????  ???????,  ??? ??? "??????
????????" ?????????.
???????  ??  ???  ??  ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ???-?? ??????????????
???????, ???????? ?? ??????????, ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ????.

???  ???  ?  ???  ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ????, ?
???????  ??,  ???  ?????  ?????-??  "????????????? ??????" ? ??? ?????
????????. ?.?. ????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ???????.
??  ???  ???????????? ????? :-) ? ?? ??????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?
??????? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? :-)

??? ??? ? ????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ? "??????? ? ?????? ?????",
? ????????? ??????????? ????????.

???????? ?? ????????, ?? ?? ??????? (????) ??? ???????? ?????? ???...


Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 3:41:27 PM, Volodymyr Litovka doka at funlab.cc you wrote:
VL> ??????,
VL> ??????????????? ?? ?????? dst ip/port - ??? ?????? app layer.
VL> ???? ?????????, ????????????, ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????
VL> ????????????? ??????? ???????? (??????????????, ??????????? ?/???
VL> ???????? ?????) ? ????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ?? ???
VL> ?????? ???? ???????????, ??? ????? ??????????? "????????"
VL> ????????????, ??? ???-?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? "?????????"
VL> ???-?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? / port groups.

VL> ?????? ??????????? ? ???, ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ?
VL> ??? ???????????? shared buffer ??? ?????-?? ?????? ?????? (???
VL> ?????; ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ASIC/FPGA; ??????????? ??
VL> ????????? ???????? ??????) ? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????
VL> ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ????? ????????
VL> ?????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? (????? - ?????
VL> ??????????) ? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ????????? ????????.

VL> On 04.01.2022 15:31, Yevgen Ionov wrote:
>> ???????????,
>>
>> ? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? P4 ??? > ???????????????? ?????-?? unusual?tasks..
>> ????????????? FPGA? ????????????"?? ??????" ????? ???? ?? > ???????????,?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
>> Cisco ? ???????? ??????? unusual?task ????????????? ??????????????? > video stream ?????? 20 sec ?? ????? DST IP/Port, ?.?. video-frame > ????? ?????? 20 ??? ???? ?? ?????? path ? ??? ??? ???? ?? TCP fields.
>> https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/emea/docs/2019/pdf/BRKDCN-2694.pdf
>>
>> ????????????? ??? ?? ?????????????????, ???????? ???????? ? > ???????????? ?? FGPA ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? > ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ASIC & > pre-programmed?logic in OS.
>> The behavior of the programmable blocks is specified using P4. The > Packet buffer and Replication Engine (PRE) and the Buffer Queuing > Engine (BQE) are target dependent functional blocks that may be > configured for a fixed set of operations.
>>
>> ?? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????, > ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? (??????????????????????, > ???????? ONOS) ? ?????????? ? ? ????????????? STP ??????.
>> ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????? > P4??? ??????????????????? ??? ????? ???-?? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? > ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
>>
>> ???????.
>>
>> On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 13:09, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
>>
>>     ?????? !
>>
>>     ???????? ??????? ??? ????:
>>     ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
>>     https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference
>>
>>     ??????:
>>     ...??????? ?ASIC? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? Application Specific
>>     Integrated? Circuit.? ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
>>     ?????,? ?????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????,
>>     ???????? ??????? ???????????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
>>     ?????? ???????????.? ASIC? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
>>     ????????? ??? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????.? ?????
>>     ???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
>>     ????????????? ?????? ASIC,? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????????,
>>     ??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.
>>
>>     ...? ?FPGA? ?(???? ????? ????????? ????)? ???????????????? ???
>>     Field Programmable? Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ??????
>>     ????????????? ?
>>     ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????????????
>>     ?????????????.? ???? ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
>>     ??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
>>     ??????? ????? ?? ????????????.
>>
>>     ???? ????
>>     ????? ?????? ????????????????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
>>     ???????????,? ????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
>>     ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
>>     ...
>>
>>     ???? ?? ????? ???????:? ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
>>     FPGA.? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
>>     ????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
>>     ?????????,? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? "????????"? ?????? ???????????
>>     ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
>>     ??????????? ???????????? ???????.? ???? ??-??????? ????? ???????? ???
>>     "????????? ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
>>     1 ????????".
>>
>>     ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.
>>
>>
>>     Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov
>>     yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
>>     YI> ?????? ??????,
>>
>>     >>? ??? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ??????
>>     ?? 2
>>     YI> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>
>>     YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
>>     YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches,
>>     ??????? ??
>>     YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
>>     YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ?
>>     ????????????
>>     YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>>
>>     YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
>>     YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?????????? ?????????????
>>     programmable
>>     YI> switches & P4?
>>     YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc
>>     ????????????? P4 ??????
>>     YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
>>     YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????
>>     ??????????, ??
>>     YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>>
>>     YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???
>>     ???????????????
>>     YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>>
>>
>>     YI> ???????.
>>
>>
>>     YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk
>>     <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:
>>
>>     >> ??????!
>>     >>
>>     >> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
>>     >> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about
>>     buffer size? ?
>>     >> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
>>     >> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ?????
>>     ??????, ???
>>     >> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (???
>>     ????????? - UDP
>>     >> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
>>     >> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ????????
>>     ???? ??????
>>     >> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ?
>>     ??? ?????
>>     >> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ???????????:
>>     >>
>>     >>? ? - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data
>>     center fabric
>>     >>? ? (Verizon)
>>     >>
>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>>     >>? ? - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>>     >>
>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>>     >>? ? - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>>     >>
>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>>     >>? ? - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>>     >> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?
>>     ??????? ???
>>     >> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>>     >>
>>     >> ??????
>>     >> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka
>>     <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
>>     >>
>>     >> ??????,
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
>>     ???????????
>>     >> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????????
>>     ???????????? ?
>>     >> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
>>     >> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
>>     >> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ????????
>>     ???????? ???:
>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>>     >>
>>     >> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit
>>     through the
>>     >> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then
>>     deep buffers
>>     >> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic
>>     observation
>>     >> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but
>>     no bigger!
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>>     >>
>>     >> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
>>     >> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
>>     >> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
>>     >> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
>>     >> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a
>>     buffer that
>>     >> is dimensioned to the size of:
>>     >>
>>     >> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>>     >>
>>     >> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links
>>     in a busy
>>     >> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>>     >>
>>     >> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an
>>     RTTmin of
>>     >> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering.
>>     *If it
>>     >> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to
>>     less than
>>     >> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*.
>>     With small
>>     >> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip
>>     switch ASIC.?
>>     >> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
>>     >>
>>     <https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/>
>>     >>
>>     >> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????????????
>>     ?? ??????
>>     >> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ????????
>>     ????????? 48x10/25
>>     >> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ?????
>>     ??????????. ? ????
>>     >> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ??
>>     25), ??
>>     >> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ???????
>>     ??????
>>     >> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>>     >>
>>     >> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
>>     >> ??????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the
>>     position of
>>     >> being informed of a congestion condition well after the
>>     condition has
>>     >> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be
>>     informed of a
>>     >> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while
>>     there is still
>>     >> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver
>>     (that is before
>>     >> packet loss occurs).
>>     >>
>>     >> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [
>>     ... ] The
>>     >> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit
>>     marking, while
>>     >> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate
>>     self-clocking
>>     >> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network
>>     buffers, leaving
>>     >> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained
>>     sources.
>>     >>
>>     >> [ ... ]
>>     >>
>>     >> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and
>>     fair
>>     >> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender
>>     pacing can
>>     >> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
>>     >> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be
>>     absorbed by
>>     >> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily
>>     contradict the
>>     >> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
>>     >> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network
>>     on the state
>>     >> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit
>>     (ECN) or a
>>     >> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>>     >>
>>     >> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ???????????
>>     ??????? ??
>>     >> ????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all
>>     currently
>>     >> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network
>>     could be able
>>     >> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This
>>     sorting adds
>>     >> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling
>>     pressures are
>>     >> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the
>>     additional cost of
>>     >> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency
>>     outcome in
>>     >> the switching function.
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????
>>     (???? 100ms)
>>     >> ?????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if
>>     the network?s
>>     >> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the
>>     analysis
>>     >> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a
>>     packet drop rate
>>     >> of less than 0.005%.
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> ???????.
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>>     >>
>>     >> ??????,
>>     >>
>>     >> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
>>     >> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared)
>>     ????????? ???
>>     >> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???
>>     ????? traffic
>>     >> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????
>>     ?????????? ??
>>     >> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
>>     >> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ??
>>     ?????????-??????????? -
>>     >> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????????
>>     ?????????? ??,
>>     >> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
>>     >> ????????????????????? ???????????
>>     >>
>>     >> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>>     >>
>>     >> ?????.
>>     >>
>>     >> --
>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>     >>
>>     >> --
>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>     >>
>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>     >>
>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>     -- >     Best regards,
>>     Alexander V Soroka http://www.svr.ua/
>>     AS106-RIPE
>>     mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>>
>>     _______________________________________________
>>     uanog mailing list
>>     uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>     https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>
>>
>>
>> -- > Best regards,
>>
>> Yevgen Ionov
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog



-- 
Best regards,
Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
AS106-RIPE
mailto:alex at euro.net.ua


From yevgen.ionov at gmail.com  Tue Jan  4 16:00:35 2022
From: yevgen.ionov at gmail.com (Yevgen Ionov)
Date: Tue, 4 Jan 2022 15:00:35 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
Message-ID: <CAEiDOA6iRkJOAgo=Lz0w9o=ueeY=S51zgfDGONDwSOSiNE6xxg@mail.gmail.com>

??????,

>  ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????????????  ..
? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ? ??????????? ? ??????????.

https://p4.org/p4-spec/docs/INT_v2_1.pdf
  What To Monitor:
 The exact meaning of the following metadata (e.g., the unit of timestamp
values, the precise definition of hop latency, queue occupancy or buffer
occupancy)



On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 14:41, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc> wrote:

> ??????,
>
> ??????????????? ?? ?????? dst ip/port - ??? ?????? app layer. ????
> ?????????, ????????????, ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????????????
> ??????? ???????? (??????????????, ??????????? ?/??? ???????? ?????) ? ?????
> ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???????????, ???
> ????? ??????????? "????????" ????????????, ??? ???-?? ?? ?????? ??
> ???????????? "?????????" ???-?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???
> ??????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? / port groups.
>
> ?????? ??????????? ? ???, ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ? ???
> ???????????? shared buffer ??? ?????-?? ?????? ?????? (??? ?????;
> ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ASIC/FPGA; ??????????? ?? ????????? ????????
> ??????) ? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????
> ????????? ??????, ????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ?????????
> ?????? (????? - ????? ??????????) ? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ?
> ???????? ????????? ????????.
> On 04.01.2022 15:31, Yevgen Ionov wrote:
>
> ???????????,
>
> ? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? P4 ??? ????????????????
> ?????-?? unusual tasks..
> ????????????? FPGA  ??????????? "?? ??????" ????? ???? ??
> ???????????, ????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
> Cisco ? ???????? ??????? unusual task ????????????? ??????????????? video
> stream ?????? 20 sec ?? ????? DST IP/Port, ?.?. video-frame ????? ?????? 20
> ??? ???? ?? ?????? path ? ??? ??? ???? ?? TCP fields.
>
> https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/emea/docs/2019/pdf/BRKDCN-2694.pdf
>
> ????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????, ???????? ???????? ? ????????????
> ?? FGPA ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? ?????? ???????? ???????
> ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ASIC & pre-programmed logic in OS.
> The behavior of the programmable blocks is specified using P4. The Packet
> buffer and Replication Engine (PRE) and the Buffer Queuing Engine (BQE) are
> target dependent functional blocks that may be configured for a fixed set
> of operations.
>
> ?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????, ??????????
> ???????? ?? ???? ????????? (??????????? ??????????, ???????? ONOS) ?
> ?????????? ? ? ????????????? STP ??????.
> ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ?????????????
> P4 ?? ???????????? ?????? ??? ????? ???-?? ??????? ??????? ? ????????
> ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
>
> ???????.
>
> On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 13:09, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
>
>> ?????? !
>>
>> ???????? ??????? ??? ????:
>> ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
>> https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference
>>
>> ??????:
>> ...??????   ASIC   ????????   ?????????????  ??  Application  Specific
>> Integrated  Circuit.  ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
>> ?????,  ?????????????  ???  ???????????  ????????????? ??? ??????????,
>> ???????  ??????  ???????????????????  ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
>> ?????  ???????????.  ASIC  ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
>> ????????   ?   ??   ????????????   ???   ??????  ?????????????.  ?????
>> ???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
>> ????????????  ?????  ASIC,  ???????  ?????????  ???  ????? ??????????,
>> ??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.
>>
>> ...   FPGA   (???  ????  ????????  ????)  ????????????????  ???
>> Field Programmable  Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ??????
>> ????????????? ?
>> ??????????????   ?????????????  ??????????  ??????  ?  ???????????????
>> ?????????????.  ???  ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
>> ??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
>> ??????? ????? ?? ????????????.
>>
>> ???? ????
>> ????  ?????  ????????????????  ?????  ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
>> ???????????,  ????  ??  ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
>> ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
>> ...
>>
>> ???  ?  ????  ???????:  ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
>> FPGA.  ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
>> ????????  ????  ?????????  ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
>> ?????????,  ??????  ??????  ???  ?????  "????????"  ?????? ???????????
>> ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
>> ??????????   ??????????  ???????.  ???  ??-??????  ?????  ???????  ???
>> "????????  ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
>> 1 ????????".
>>
>> ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.
>>
>>
>> Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov yevgen.ionov at gmail.com
>> you wrote:
>> YI> ?????? ??????,
>>
>> >>   ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>> YI> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>
>> YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
>> YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches,
>> ??????? ??
>> YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
>> YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ? ????????????
>> YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>>
>> YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
>> YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ??????????  ????????????? programmable
>> YI> switches & P4?
>> YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc ????????????? P4
>> ??????
>> YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
>> YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????????,
>> ??
>> YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>>
>> YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????????????
>> YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>>
>>
>> YI> ???????.
>>
>>
>> YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk <maksym at tulyuk.com>
>> wrote:
>>
>> >> ??????!
>> >>
>> >> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
>> >> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about buffer size?
>> ?
>> >> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
>> >> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ????? ??????, ???
>> >> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (??? ?????????
>> - UDP
>> >> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
>> >> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ???????? ????
>> ??????
>> >> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ? ???
>> ?????
>> >> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>> >>
>> >> ?? ???????????:
>> >>
>> >>    - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data center fabric
>> >>    (Verizon)
>> >>
>> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>> >>    - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>> >>
>> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>> >>    - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>> >>
>> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>> >>    - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>> >>    http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>> >>
>> >> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>> >> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>> >>
>> >> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ???????
>> ???
>> >> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>> >>
>> >> ??????
>> >> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc>,
>> wrote:
>> >>
>> >> ??????,
>> >>
>> >> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
>> ???????????
>> >> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????????
>> ???????????? ?
>> >> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
>> >> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
>> >> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>> >>
>> >> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???:
>> >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>> >>
>> >> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit through
>> the
>> >> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then deep
>> buffers
>> >> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic
>> observation
>> >> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but no
>> bigger!
>> >>
>> >> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>> >>
>> >> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
>> >> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>> >>
>> >> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
>> >> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
>> >> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
>> >> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a buffer
>> that
>> >> is dimensioned to the size of:
>> >>
>> >> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>> >>
>> >> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links in a
>> busy
>> >> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>> >>
>> >> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an RTTmin
>> of
>> >> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering. *If it
>> >> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to less
>> than
>> >> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*. With
>> small
>> >> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip switch
>> ASIC.?
>> >> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
>> >> <
>> https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/
>> >
>> >>
>> >> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ??
>> ??????
>> >> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ???????? ?????????
>> 48x10/25
>> >> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ????? ??????????. ?
>> ????
>> >> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ?? 25), ??
>> >> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ??????? ??????
>> >> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>> >>
>> >> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
>> >> ??????? ===
>> >>
>> >> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the position
>> of
>> >> being informed of a congestion condition well after the condition has
>> >> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be informed of a
>> >> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while there is
>> still
>> >> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver (that is
>> before
>> >> packet loss occurs).
>> >>
>> >> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [ ... ] The
>> >> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit marking, while
>> >> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate
>> self-clocking
>> >> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network buffers,
>> leaving
>> >> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained sources.
>> >>
>> >> [ ... ]
>> >>
>> >> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and fair
>> >> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender pacing can
>> >> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
>> >> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be absorbed by
>> >> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily contradict the
>> >> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
>> >> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network on the
>> state
>> >> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit (ECN) or a
>> >> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>> >>
>> >>
>> >> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>> >>
>> >> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??
>> >> ????? ===
>> >>
>> >> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all currently
>> >> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network could be
>> able
>> >> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This sorting
>> adds
>> >> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling
>> pressures are
>> >> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the additional cost
>> of
>> >> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency outcome
>> in
>> >> the switching function.
>> >>
>> >>
>> >> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????????? (????
>> 100ms)
>> >> ?????? ===
>> >>
>> >> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if the
>> network?s
>> >> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the
>> analysis
>> >> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a packet drop
>> rate
>> >> of less than 0.005%.
>> >>
>> >>
>> >> ???????.
>> >>
>> >>
>> >> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>> >>
>> >> ??????,
>> >>
>> >> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
>> >> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>> >>
>> >> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared) ????????? ???
>> >> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????
>> traffic
>> >> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ??
>> >> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
>> >> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ?? ?????????-??????????? -
>> >> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????????
>> ??,
>> >> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
>> >> ????????????????????? ???????????
>> >>
>> >> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>> >>
>> >> ?????.
>> >>
>> >> --
>> >> Volodymyr Litovka
>> >>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>> >>
>> >> --
>> >> Volodymyr Litovka
>> >>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>> >>
>> >> _______________________________________________
>> >> uanog mailing list
>> >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>> >>
>> >> _______________________________________________
>> >> uanog mailing list
>> >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Best regards,
>> Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
>> AS106-RIPE
>> mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
>
>
> --
> Best regards,
>
> Yevgen Ionov
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing listuanog at uanog.kiev.uahttps://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
> --
> Volodymyr Litovka
>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>
>

-- 
Best regards,

Yevgen Ionov
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From vladimir.sharun at ukr.net  Tue Jan  4 19:44:24 2022
From: vladimir.sharun at ukr.net (Vladimir Sharun)
Date: Tue, 04 Jan 2022 19:44:24 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
Message-ID: <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>

????????? ???????,

Netflix - ??? ??????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?? ????? ? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ????????????.

?.?. ???, ??? ???? ????? ? ???????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????.

?? ????????, ??? ??? ??, ??? Netflix ???? ????????? ?????? ? ????????? (FreeBSD ??? ??????? ? ?????????).

??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? 100G ?????? ? ?????? ??????? (????????????, ?.?. TLS), ????? ????? ?? 200G (? ???? ????????). ??? ????????? ????????? ?????: ?????? ??????? ????? - ??? ????, ????????? ??????? ????? - ??????, ??????????? - ??????. ? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????.

?????? ? ??????: ???? ?????? ??? ? ????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????????? ?????.

??? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????, ??????? ????? ??????? VPN ?? ?????? ???, ????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????.

4 ????? 2022, 15:57:32, ??? "Alexander V Soroka" <alex at euro.net.ua>:

?????? !

????  ????????  ????????  ??????  ?  ???,  ??? ?? "??????? ? ??????" ?
???????  ?????  ???  ?????? :-) ? ?? ??? ??? - ???? ?????? ????? ?????
?????? ? ?????? ??????.

?????? ? ??? ?.

1)  ??????????  ??????? ??????  ??  ??????  ???  ???  ???  ??? (??? ?? ??????)
?????????  -  ???  ??????  ???????? ????????? ??? ??????????? "???????
????????" ? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? "?????? ??? ??????? ????".
????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ??(??).

2) ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????? "? ????? ? :-)". ?????? ?? ????? ??????...
?  ???  ???,  ??  ????  ????  ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? FPGA
???????,  ????  ?????????????, ?.?. ?????? ?? ?????????? ????-????????
?????  ? ??????????? FPGA , ? ????????? ??????? ??? ???, ????? ???????
??????  ??  ???  ??  ??????  ??????,  ?  ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??
????????  ??????,  ?  ?  ??????  ????  ??????????  ???  ????? ????? ??
????????-??????????.

3)  ??????? ???????? ??? (??? ??? ?????? ? UANET ) ???????, ? ???, ???
??   ??   ???????????  ??????  ?????????????  :-)  ???  ?????  ???????
????????(?????????????) ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????.
?  ???  ???,  ??  ??????, ?????? ?? ?????????, ???????? ? ????????????
????????????  ?????????  ???????  -  ??????  ??? ??? ??? ?????????????
??????  ???????  ??????  ?  ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????????
???????.  ?  ??????  ???  ??????  ??  ?????  ???????,  ??? ??? "??????
????????" ?????????.
???????  ??  ???  ??  ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ???-?? ??????????????
???????, ???????? ?? ??????????, ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ????.

???  ???  ?  ???  ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ????, ?
???????  ??,  ???  ?????  ?????-??  "????????????? ??????" ? ??? ?????
????????. ?.?. ????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ???????.
??  ???  ???????????? ????? :-) ? ?? ??????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?
??????? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? :-)

??? ??? ? ????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ? "??????? ? ?????? ?????",
? ????????? ??????????? ????????.

???????? ?? ????????, ?? ?? ??????? (????) ??? ???????? ?????? ???...


Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 3:41:27 PM, Volodymyr Litovka doka at funlab.cc you wrote:
VL> ??????,
VL> ??????????????? ?? ?????? dst ip/port - ??? ?????? app layer.
VL> ???? ?????????, ????????????, ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????
VL> ????????????? ??????? ???????? (??????????????, ??????????? ?/???
VL> ???????? ?????) ? ????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ?? ???
VL> ?????? ???? ???????????, ??? ????? ??????????? "????????"
VL> ????????????, ??? ???-?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? "?????????"
VL> ???-?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? / port groups.

VL> ?????? ??????????? ? ???, ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ?
VL> ??? ???????????? shared buffer ??? ?????-?? ?????? ?????? (???
VL> ?????; ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ASIC/FPGA; ??????????? ??
VL> ????????? ???????? ??????) ? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????
VL> ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ????? ????????
VL> ?????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? (????? - ?????
VL> ??????????) ? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ????????? ????????.

VL> On 04.01.2022 15:31, Yevgen Ionov wrote:
>> ???????????,
>>
>> ? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? P4 ??? > ???????????????? ?????-?? unusual?tasks..
>> ????????????? FPGA? ????????????"?? ??????" ????? ???? ?? > ???????????,?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
>> Cisco ? ???????? ??????? unusual?task ????????????? ??????????????? > video stream ?????? 20 sec ?? ????? DST IP/Port, ?.?. video-frame > ????? ?????? 20 ??? ???? ?? ?????? path ? ??? ??? ???? ?? TCP fields.
>> https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/emea/docs/2019/pdf/BRKDCN-2694.pdf
>>
>> ????????????? ??? ?? ?????????????????, ???????? ???????? ? > ???????????? ?? FGPA ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? > ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ASIC & > pre-programmed?logic in OS.
>> The behavior of the programmable blocks is specified using P4. The > Packet buffer and Replication Engine (PRE) and the Buffer Queuing > Engine (BQE) are target dependent functional blocks that may be > configured for a fixed set of operations.
>>
>> ?? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????, > ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? (??????????????????????, > ???????? ONOS) ? ?????????? ? ? ????????????? STP ??????.
>> ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????? > P4??? ??????????????????? ??? ????? ???-?? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? > ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
>>
>> ???????.
>>
>> On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 13:09, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
>>
>>     ?????? !
>>
>>     ???????? ??????? ??? ????:
>>     ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
>>     https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference
>>
>>     ??????:
>>     ...??????? ?ASIC? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? Application Specific
>>     Integrated? Circuit.? ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
>>     ?????,? ?????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????,
>>     ???????? ??????? ???????????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
>>     ?????? ???????????.? ASIC? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
>>     ????????? ??? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????.? ?????
>>     ???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
>>     ????????????? ?????? ASIC,? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????????,
>>     ??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.
>>
>>     ...? ?FPGA? ?(???? ????? ????????? ????)? ???????????????? ???
>>     Field Programmable? Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ??????
>>     ????????????? ?
>>     ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????????????
>>     ?????????????.? ???? ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
>>     ??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
>>     ??????? ????? ?? ????????????.
>>
>>     ???? ????
>>     ????? ?????? ????????????????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
>>     ???????????,? ????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
>>     ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
>>     ...
>>
>>     ???? ?? ????? ???????:? ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
>>     FPGA.? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
>>     ????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
>>     ?????????,? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? "????????"? ?????? ???????????
>>     ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
>>     ??????????? ???????????? ???????.? ???? ??-??????? ????? ???????? ???
>>     "????????? ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
>>     1 ????????".
>>
>>     ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.
>>
>>
>>     Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov
>>     yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
>>     YI> ?????? ??????,
>>
>>     >>? ??? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ??????
>>     ?? 2
>>     YI> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>
>>     YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
>>     YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches,
>>     ??????? ??
>>     YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
>>     YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ?
>>     ????????????
>>     YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>>
>>     YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
>>     YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?????????? ?????????????
>>     programmable
>>     YI> switches & P4?
>>     YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc
>>     ????????????? P4 ??????
>>     YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
>>     YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????
>>     ??????????, ??
>>     YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>>
>>     YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???
>>     ???????????????
>>     YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>>
>>
>>     YI> ???????.
>>
>>
>>     YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk
>>     <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:
>>
>>     >> ??????!
>>     >>
>>     >> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
>>     >> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about
>>     buffer size? ?
>>     >> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
>>     >> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ?????
>>     ??????, ???
>>     >> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (???
>>     ????????? - UDP
>>     >> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
>>     >> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ????????
>>     ???? ??????
>>     >> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ?
>>     ??? ?????
>>     >> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ???????????:
>>     >>
>>     >>? ? - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data
>>     center fabric
>>     >>? ? (Verizon)
>>     >>
>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>>     >>? ? - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>>     >>
>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>>     >>? ? - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>>     >>
>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>>     >>? ? - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>>     >> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?
>>     ??????? ???
>>     >> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>>     >>
>>     >> ??????
>>     >> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka
>>     <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
>>     >>
>>     >> ??????,
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
>>     ???????????
>>     >> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????????
>>     ???????????? ?
>>     >> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
>>     >> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
>>     >> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ????????
>>     ???????? ???:
>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>>     >>
>>     >> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit
>>     through the
>>     >> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then
>>     deep buffers
>>     >> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic
>>     observation
>>     >> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but
>>     no bigger!
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>>     >>
>>     >> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
>>     >> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
>>     >> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
>>     >> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
>>     >> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a
>>     buffer that
>>     >> is dimensioned to the size of:
>>     >>
>>     >> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>>     >>
>>     >> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links
>>     in a busy
>>     >> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>>     >>
>>     >> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an
>>     RTTmin of
>>     >> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering.
>>     *If it
>>     >> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to
>>     less than
>>     >> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*.
>>     With small
>>     >> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip
>>     switch ASIC.?
>>     >> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
>>     >>
>>     <https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/>
>>     >>
>>     >> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????????????
>>     ?? ??????
>>     >> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ????????
>>     ????????? 48x10/25
>>     >> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ?????
>>     ??????????. ? ????
>>     >> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ??
>>     25), ??
>>     >> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ???????
>>     ??????
>>     >> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>>     >>
>>     >> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
>>     >> ??????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the
>>     position of
>>     >> being informed of a congestion condition well after the
>>     condition has
>>     >> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be
>>     informed of a
>>     >> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while
>>     there is still
>>     >> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver
>>     (that is before
>>     >> packet loss occurs).
>>     >>
>>     >> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [
>>     ... ] The
>>     >> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit
>>     marking, while
>>     >> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate
>>     self-clocking
>>     >> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network
>>     buffers, leaving
>>     >> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained
>>     sources.
>>     >>
>>     >> [ ... ]
>>     >>
>>     >> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and
>>     fair
>>     >> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender
>>     pacing can
>>     >> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
>>     >> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be
>>     absorbed by
>>     >> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily
>>     contradict the
>>     >> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
>>     >> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network
>>     on the state
>>     >> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit
>>     (ECN) or a
>>     >> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>>     >>
>>     >> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ???????????
>>     ??????? ??
>>     >> ????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all
>>     currently
>>     >> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network
>>     could be able
>>     >> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This
>>     sorting adds
>>     >> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling
>>     pressures are
>>     >> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the
>>     additional cost of
>>     >> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency
>>     outcome in
>>     >> the switching function.
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????
>>     (???? 100ms)
>>     >> ?????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if
>>     the network?s
>>     >> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the
>>     analysis
>>     >> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a
>>     packet drop rate
>>     >> of less than 0.005%.
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> ???????.
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>>     >>
>>     >> ??????,
>>     >>
>>     >> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
>>     >> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared)
>>     ????????? ???
>>     >> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???
>>     ????? traffic
>>     >> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????
>>     ?????????? ??
>>     >> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
>>     >> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ??
>>     ?????????-??????????? -
>>     >> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????????
>>     ?????????? ??,
>>     >> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
>>     >> ????????????????????? ???????????
>>     >>
>>     >> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>>     >>
>>     >> ?????.
>>     >>
>>     >> --
>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>     >>
>>     >> --
>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>     >>
>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>     >>
>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>     -- >     Best regards,
>>     Alexander V Soroka http://www.svr.ua/
>>     AS106-RIPE
>>     mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>>
>>     _______________________________________________
>>     uanog mailing list
>>     uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>     https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>
>>
>>
>> -- > Best regards,
>>
>> Yevgen Ionov
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog



-- 
Best regards,
Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
AS106-RIPE
mailto:alex at euro.net.ua

_______________________________________________
uanog mailing list
uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
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From doka at funlab.cc  Tue Jan  4 19:51:03 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Tue, 4 Jan 2022 19:51:03 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
Message-ID: <038f7d35-0bf8-643c-ba06-f30bc70ae4af@funlab.cc>

???????????? ??????. ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? "??? ?????? 
???????", ? ??????? "??? ??????? ??????????".

On 04.01.2022 15:57, Alexander V Soroka wrote:
> ?????? !
>
> ????  ????????  ????????  ??????  ?  ???,  ??? ?? "??????? ? ??????" ?
> ???????  ?????  ???  ?????? :-) ? ?? ??? ??? - ???? ?????? ????? ?????
> ?????? ? ?????? ??????.
>
> ?????? ? ??? ?.
>
> 1)  ??????????  ??????? ??????  ??  ??????  ???  ???  ???  ??? (??? ?? ??????)
> ?????????  -  ???  ??????  ???????? ????????? ??? ??????????? "???????
> ????????" ? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? "?????? ??? ??????? ????".
> ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ??(??).
>
> 2) ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????? "? ????? ? :-)". ?????? ?? ????? ??????...
> ?  ???  ???,  ??  ????  ????  ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? FPGA
> ???????,  ????  ?????????????, ?.?. ?????? ?? ?????????? ????-????????
> ?????  ? ??????????? FPGA , ? ????????? ??????? ??? ???, ????? ???????
> ??????  ??  ???  ??  ??????  ??????,  ?  ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??
> ????????  ??????,  ?  ?  ??????  ????  ??????????  ???  ????? ????? ??
> ????????-??????????.
>
> 3)  ??????? ???????? ??? (??? ??? ?????? ? UANET ) ???????, ? ???, ???
> ??   ??   ???????????  ??????  ?????????????  :-)  ???  ?????  ???????
> ????????(?????????????) ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????.
> ?  ???  ???,  ??  ??????, ?????? ?? ?????????, ???????? ? ????????????
> ????????????  ?????????  ???????  -  ??????  ??? ??? ??? ?????????????
> ??????  ???????  ??????  ?  ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????????
> ???????.  ?  ??????  ???  ??????  ??  ?????  ???????,  ??? ??? "??????
> ????????" ?????????.
> ???????  ??  ???  ??  ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ???-?? ??????????????
> ???????, ???????? ?? ??????????, ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ????.
>
> ???  ???  ?  ???  ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ????, ?
> ???????  ??,  ???  ?????  ?????-??  "????????????? ??????" ? ??? ?????
> ????????. ?.?. ????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ???????.
> ??  ???  ???????????? ????? :-) ? ?? ??????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?
> ??????? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? :-)
>
> ??? ??? ? ????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ? "??????? ? ?????? ?????",
> ? ????????? ??????????? ????????.
>
> ???????? ?? ????????, ?? ?? ??????? (????) ??? ???????? ?????? ???...
>
>
> Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 3:41:27 PM, Volodymyr Litovkadoka at funlab.cc  you wrote:
> VL> ??????,
> VL> ??????????????? ?? ?????? dst ip/port - ??? ?????? app layer.
> VL> ???? ?????????, ????????????, ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????
> VL> ????????????? ??????? ???????? (??????????????, ??????????? ?/???
> VL> ???????? ?????) ? ????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ?? ???
> VL> ?????? ???? ???????????, ??? ????? ??????????? "????????"
> VL> ????????????, ??? ???-?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? "?????????"
> VL> ???-?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? / port groups.
>
> VL> ?????? ??????????? ? ???, ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ?
> VL> ??? ???????????? shared buffer ??? ?????-?? ?????? ?????? (???
> VL> ?????; ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ASIC/FPGA; ??????????? ??
> VL> ????????? ???????? ??????) ? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????
> VL> ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ????? ????????
> VL> ?????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? (????? - ?????
> VL> ??????????) ? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ????????? ????????.
>
> VL> On 04.01.2022 15:31, Yevgen Ionov wrote:
>>> ???????????,
>>>
>>> ? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? P4 ??? > ???????????????? ?????-?? unusual?tasks..
>>> ????????????? FPGA? ????????????"?? ??????" ????? ???? ?? > ???????????,?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
>>> Cisco ? ???????? ??????? unusual?task ????????????? ??????????????? > video stream ?????? 20 sec ?? ????? DST IP/Port, ?.?. video-frame > ????? ?????? 20 ??? ???? ?? ?????? path ? ??? ??? ???? ?? TCP fields.
>>> https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/emea/docs/2019/pdf/BRKDCN-2694.pdf
>>>
>>> ????????????? ??? ?? ?????????????????, ???????? ???????? ? > ???????????? ?? FGPA ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? > ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ASIC & > pre-programmed?logic in OS.
>>> The behavior of the programmable blocks is specified using P4. The > Packet buffer and Replication Engine (PRE) and the Buffer Queuing > Engine (BQE) are target dependent functional blocks that may be > configured for a fixed set of operations.
>>>
>>> ?? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????, > ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? (??????????????????????, > ???????? ONOS) ? ?????????? ? ? ????????????? STP ??????.
>>> ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????? > P4??? ??????????????????? ??? ????? ???-?? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? > ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
>>>
>>> ???????.
>>>
>>> On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 13:09, Alexander V Soroka<alex at euro.net.ua>  wrote:
>>>
>>>      ?????? !
>>>
>>>      ???????? ??????? ??? ????:
>>>      ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
>>>      https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference
>>>
>>>      ??????:
>>>      ...??????? ?ASIC? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? Application Specific
>>>      Integrated? Circuit.? ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
>>>      ?????,? ?????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????,
>>>      ???????? ??????? ???????????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
>>>      ?????? ???????????.? ASIC? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
>>>      ????????? ??? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????.? ?????
>>>      ???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
>>>      ????????????? ?????? ASIC,? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????????,
>>>      ??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.
>>>
>>>      ...? ?FPGA? ?(???? ????? ????????? ????)? ???????????????? ???
>>>      Field Programmable? Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ??????
>>>      ????????????? ?
>>>      ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????????????
>>>      ?????????????.? ???? ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
>>>      ??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
>>>      ??????? ????? ?? ????????????.
>>>
>>>      ???? ????
>>>      ????? ?????? ????????????????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
>>>      ???????????,? ????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
>>>      ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
>>>      ...
>>>
>>>      ???? ?? ????? ???????:? ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
>>>      FPGA.? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
>>>      ????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
>>>      ?????????,? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? "????????"? ?????? ???????????
>>>      ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
>>>      ??????????? ???????????? ???????.? ???? ??-??????? ????? ???????? ???
>>>      "????????? ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
>>>      1 ????????".
>>>
>>>      ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.
>>>
>>>
>>>      Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov
>>>      yevgen.ionov at gmail.com  you wrote:
>>>      YI> ?????? ??????,
>>>
>>>      >>? ??? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ??????
>>>      ?? 2
>>>      YI> ????????http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>>
>>>      YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
>>>      YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches,
>>>      ??????? ??
>>>      YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
>>>      YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ?
>>>      ????????????
>>>      YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>>>
>>>      YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
>>>      YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?????????? ?????????????
>>>      programmable
>>>      YI> switches & P4?
>>>      YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc
>>>      ????????????? P4 ??????
>>>      YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
>>>      YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????
>>>      ??????????, ??
>>>      YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>>>
>>>      YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???
>>>      ???????????????
>>>      YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>>>
>>>
>>>      YI> ???????.
>>>
>>>
>>>      YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk
>>>      <maksym at tulyuk.com>  wrote:
>>>
>>>      >> ??????!
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
>>>      >> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about
>>>      buffer size? ?
>>>      >> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
>>>      >> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ?????
>>>      ??????, ???
>>>      >> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (???
>>>      ????????? - UDP
>>>      >> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
>>>      >> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ????????
>>>      ???? ??????
>>>      >> ??????? 50% ????????https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html  ?
>>>      ??? ?????
>>>      >> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ?? ???????????:
>>>      >>
>>>      >>? ? - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data
>>>      center fabric
>>>      >>? ? (Verizon)
>>>      >>
>>>      http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>>>      >>? ? - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>>>      >>
>>>      http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>>>      >>? ? - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>>>      >>
>>>      http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>>>      >>? ? - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>>>      >>http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>>>      >> ????????http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?
>>>      ??????? ???
>>>      >> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ??????
>>>      >> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka
>>>      <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ??????,
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
>>>      ???????????
>>>      >> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????????
>>>      ???????????? ?
>>>      >> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
>>>      >> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
>>>      >>https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ????????
>>>      ???????? ???:
>>>      >>http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>>>      >>
>>>      >> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit
>>>      through the
>>>      >> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then
>>>      deep buffers
>>>      >> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic
>>>      observation
>>>      >> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but
>>>      no bigger!
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>>>      >>
>>>      >> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
>>>      >> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>>>      >>
>>>      >> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
>>>      >><http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499>  used the central limit
>>>      >> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
>>>      >> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a
>>>      buffer that
>>>      >> is dimensioned to the size of:
>>>      >>
>>>      >> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>>>      >>
>>>      >> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links
>>>      in a busy
>>>      >> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an
>>>      RTTmin of
>>>      >> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering.
>>>      *If it
>>>      >> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to
>>>      less than
>>>      >> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*.
>>>      With small
>>>      >> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip
>>>      switch ASIC.?
>>>      >> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
>>>      >>
>>>      <https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/>
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????????????
>>>      ?? ??????
>>>      >>https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html  ? ????????
>>>      ????????? 48x10/25
>>>      >> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ?????
>>>      ??????????. ? ????
>>>      >> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ??
>>>      25), ??
>>>      >> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ???????
>>>      ??????
>>>      >> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>>>      >>
>>>      >> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
>>>      >> ??????? ===
>>>      >>
>>>      >> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the
>>>      position of
>>>      >> being informed of a congestion condition well after the
>>>      condition has
>>>      >> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be
>>>      informed of a
>>>      >> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while
>>>      there is still
>>>      >> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver
>>>      (that is before
>>>      >> packet loss occurs).
>>>      >>
>>>      >> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [
>>>      ... ] The
>>>      >> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit
>>>      marking, while
>>>      >> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate
>>>      self-clocking
>>>      >> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network
>>>      buffers, leaving
>>>      >> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained
>>>      sources.
>>>      >>
>>>      >> [ ... ]
>>>      >>
>>>      >> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and
>>>      fair
>>>      >> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender
>>>      pacing can
>>>      >> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
>>>      >> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be
>>>      absorbed by
>>>      >> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily
>>>      contradict the
>>>      >> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
>>>      >> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network
>>>      on the state
>>>      >> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit
>>>      (ECN) or a
>>>      >> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>>>      >>
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>>>      >>
>>>      >> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ???????????
>>>      ??????? ??
>>>      >> ????? ===
>>>      >>
>>>      >> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all
>>>      currently
>>>      >> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network
>>>      could be able
>>>      >> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This
>>>      sorting adds
>>>      >> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling
>>>      pressures are
>>>      >> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the
>>>      additional cost of
>>>      >> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency
>>>      outcome in
>>>      >> the switching function.
>>>      >>
>>>      >>
>>>      >> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????
>>>      (???? 100ms)
>>>      >> ?????? ===
>>>      >>
>>>      >> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if
>>>      the network?s
>>>      >> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the
>>>      analysis
>>>      >> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a
>>>      packet drop rate
>>>      >> of less than 0.005%.
>>>      >>
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ???????.
>>>      >>
>>>      >>
>>>      >> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ??????,
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
>>>      >> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared)
>>>      ????????? ???
>>>      >> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???
>>>      ????? traffic
>>>      >> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????
>>>      ?????????? ??
>>>      >> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
>>>      >> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ??
>>>      ?????????-??????????? -
>>>      >> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????????
>>>      ?????????? ??,
>>>      >> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
>>>      >> ????????????????????? ???????????
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>>>      >>
>>>      >> ?????.
>>>      >>
>>>      >> --
>>>      >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>>      >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>>      >>
>>>      >> --
>>>      >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>>      >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>>      >>
>>>      >> _______________________________________________
>>>      >> uanog mailing list
>>>      >>uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>>      >>https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>>      >>
>>>      >> _______________________________________________
>>>      >> uanog mailing list
>>>      >>uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>>      >>https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>      -- >     Best regards,
>>>      Alexander V Sorokahttp://www.svr.ua/
>>>      AS106-RIPE
>>>      mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>>>
>>>      _______________________________________________
>>>      uanog mailing list
>>>      uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>>      https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> -- > Best regards,
>>>
>>> Yevgen Ionov
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> uanog mailing list
>>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
>
-- 
Volodymyr Litovka
   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
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From vladimir.sharun at ukr.net  Tue Jan  4 19:59:37 2022
From: vladimir.sharun at ukr.net (Vladimir Sharun)
Date: Tue, 04 Jan 2022 19:59:37 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
Message-ID: <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>

????? ????,

200G - ??? ?? 2,5 ?????????/? ?????, ? 25 ????????/?.

??????????? DDR4 ???-?? ??? ????? c ????? ???????. ? ??? ?? ???????? ?? Xeon Scalable.

4 ????? 2022, 19:44:33, ??? "Vladimir Sharun" <vladimir.sharun at ukr.net>:

????????? ???????,

Netflix - ??? ??????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?? ????? ? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ????????????.

?.?. ???, ??? ???? ????? ? ???????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????.

?? ????????, ??? ??? ??, ??? Netflix ???? ????????? ?????? ? ????????? (FreeBSD ??? ??????? ? ?????????).

??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? 100G ?????? ? ?????? ??????? (????????????, ?.?. TLS), ????? ????? ?? 200G (? ???? ????????). ??? ????????? ????????? ?????: ?????? ??????? ????? - ??? ????, ????????? ??????? ????? - ??????, ??????????? - ??????. ? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????.

?????? ? ??????: ???? ?????? ??? ? ????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????????? ?????.

??? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????, ??????? ????? ??????? VPN ?? ?????? ???, ????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????.

4 ????? 2022, 15:57:32, ??? "Alexander V Soroka" <alex at euro.net.ua>:

?????? !

????  ????????  ????????  ??????  ?  ???,  ??? ?? "??????? ? ??????" ?
???????  ?????  ???  ?????? :-) ? ?? ??? ??? - ???? ?????? ????? ?????
?????? ? ?????? ??????.

?????? ? ??? ?.

1)  ??????????  ??????? ??????  ??  ??????  ???  ???  ???  ??? (??? ?? ??????)
?????????  -  ???  ??????  ???????? ????????? ??? ??????????? "???????
????????" ? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? "?????? ??? ??????? ????".
????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ??(??).

2) ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????? "? ????? ? :-)". ?????? ?? ????? ??????...
?  ???  ???,  ??  ????  ????  ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? FPGA
???????,  ????  ?????????????, ?.?. ?????? ?? ?????????? ????-????????
?????  ? ??????????? FPGA , ? ????????? ??????? ??? ???, ????? ???????
??????  ??  ???  ??  ??????  ??????,  ?  ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??
????????  ??????,  ?  ?  ??????  ????  ??????????  ???  ????? ????? ??
????????-??????????.

3)  ??????? ???????? ??? (??? ??? ?????? ? UANET ) ???????, ? ???, ???
??   ??   ???????????  ??????  ?????????????  :-)  ???  ?????  ???????
????????(?????????????) ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????.
?  ???  ???,  ??  ??????, ?????? ?? ?????????, ???????? ? ????????????
????????????  ?????????  ???????  -  ??????  ??? ??? ??? ?????????????
??????  ???????  ??????  ?  ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????????
???????.  ?  ??????  ???  ??????  ??  ?????  ???????,  ??? ??? "??????
????????" ?????????.
???????  ??  ???  ??  ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ???-?? ??????????????
???????, ???????? ?? ??????????, ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ????.

???  ???  ?  ???  ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ????, ?
???????  ??,  ???  ?????  ?????-??  "????????????? ??????" ? ??? ?????
????????. ?.?. ????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ???????.
??  ???  ???????????? ????? :-) ? ?? ??????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?
??????? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? :-)

??? ??? ? ????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ? "??????? ? ?????? ?????",
? ????????? ??????????? ????????.

???????? ?? ????????, ?? ?? ??????? (????) ??? ???????? ?????? ???...


Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 3:41:27 PM, Volodymyr Litovka doka at funlab.cc you wrote:
VL> ??????,
VL> ??????????????? ?? ?????? dst ip/port - ??? ?????? app layer.
VL> ???? ?????????, ????????????, ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????
VL> ????????????? ??????? ???????? (??????????????, ??????????? ?/???
VL> ???????? ?????) ? ????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ?? ???
VL> ?????? ???? ???????????, ??? ????? ??????????? "????????"
VL> ????????????, ??? ???-?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? "?????????"
VL> ???-?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? / port groups.

VL> ?????? ??????????? ? ???, ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ?
VL> ??? ???????????? shared buffer ??? ?????-?? ?????? ?????? (???
VL> ?????; ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ASIC/FPGA; ??????????? ??
VL> ????????? ???????? ??????) ? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????
VL> ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ????? ????????
VL> ?????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? (????? - ?????
VL> ??????????) ? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ????????? ????????.

VL> On 04.01.2022 15:31, Yevgen Ionov wrote:
>> ???????????,
>>
>> ? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? P4 ??? > ???????????????? ?????-?? unusual?tasks..
>> ????????????? FPGA? ????????????"?? ??????" ????? ???? ?? > ???????????,?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
>> Cisco ? ???????? ??????? unusual?task ????????????? ??????????????? > video stream ?????? 20 sec ?? ????? DST IP/Port, ?.?. video-frame > ????? ?????? 20 ??? ???? ?? ?????? path ? ??? ??? ???? ?? TCP fields.
>> https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/emea/docs/2019/pdf/BRKDCN-2694.pdf
>>
>> ????????????? ??? ?? ?????????????????, ???????? ???????? ? > ???????????? ?? FGPA ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? > ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ASIC & > pre-programmed?logic in OS.
>> The behavior of the programmable blocks is specified using P4. The > Packet buffer and Replication Engine (PRE) and the Buffer Queuing > Engine (BQE) are target dependent functional blocks that may be > configured for a fixed set of operations.
>>
>> ?? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????, > ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? (??????????????????????, > ???????? ONOS) ? ?????????? ? ? ????????????? STP ??????.
>> ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????? > P4??? ??????????????????? ??? ????? ???-?? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? > ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
>>
>> ???????.
>>
>> On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 13:09, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
>>
>>     ?????? !
>>
>>     ???????? ??????? ??? ????:
>>     ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
>>     https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference
>>
>>     ??????:
>>     ...??????? ?ASIC? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? Application Specific
>>     Integrated? Circuit.? ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
>>     ?????,? ?????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????,
>>     ???????? ??????? ???????????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
>>     ?????? ???????????.? ASIC? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
>>     ????????? ??? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????.? ?????
>>     ???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
>>     ????????????? ?????? ASIC,? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????????,
>>     ??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.
>>
>>     ...? ?FPGA? ?(???? ????? ????????? ????)? ???????????????? ???
>>     Field Programmable? Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ??????
>>     ????????????? ?
>>     ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????????????
>>     ?????????????.? ???? ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
>>     ??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
>>     ??????? ????? ?? ????????????.
>>
>>     ???? ????
>>     ????? ?????? ????????????????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
>>     ???????????,? ????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
>>     ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
>>     ...
>>
>>     ???? ?? ????? ???????:? ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
>>     FPGA.? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
>>     ????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
>>     ?????????,? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? "????????"? ?????? ???????????
>>     ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
>>     ??????????? ???????????? ???????.? ???? ??-??????? ????? ???????? ???
>>     "????????? ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
>>     1 ????????".
>>
>>     ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.
>>
>>
>>     Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov
>>     yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
>>     YI> ?????? ??????,
>>
>>     >>? ??? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ??????
>>     ?? 2
>>     YI> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>
>>     YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
>>     YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches,
>>     ??????? ??
>>     YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
>>     YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ?
>>     ????????????
>>     YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>>
>>     YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
>>     YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?????????? ?????????????
>>     programmable
>>     YI> switches & P4?
>>     YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc
>>     ????????????? P4 ??????
>>     YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
>>     YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????
>>     ??????????, ??
>>     YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>>
>>     YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???
>>     ???????????????
>>     YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>>
>>
>>     YI> ???????.
>>
>>
>>     YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk
>>     <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:
>>
>>     >> ??????!
>>     >>
>>     >> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
>>     >> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about
>>     buffer size? ?
>>     >> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
>>     >> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ?????
>>     ??????, ???
>>     >> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (???
>>     ????????? - UDP
>>     >> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
>>     >> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ????????
>>     ???? ??????
>>     >> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ?
>>     ??? ?????
>>     >> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ???????????:
>>     >>
>>     >>? ? - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data
>>     center fabric
>>     >>? ? (Verizon)
>>     >>
>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>>     >>? ? - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>>     >>
>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>>     >>? ? - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>>     >>
>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>>     >>? ? - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>>     >> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?
>>     ??????? ???
>>     >> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>>     >>
>>     >> ??????
>>     >> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka
>>     <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
>>     >>
>>     >> ??????,
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
>>     ???????????
>>     >> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????????
>>     ???????????? ?
>>     >> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
>>     >> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
>>     >> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ????????
>>     ???????? ???:
>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>>     >>
>>     >> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit
>>     through the
>>     >> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then
>>     deep buffers
>>     >> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic
>>     observation
>>     >> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but
>>     no bigger!
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>>     >>
>>     >> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
>>     >> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
>>     >> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
>>     >> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
>>     >> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a
>>     buffer that
>>     >> is dimensioned to the size of:
>>     >>
>>     >> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>>     >>
>>     >> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links
>>     in a busy
>>     >> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>>     >>
>>     >> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an
>>     RTTmin of
>>     >> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering.
>>     *If it
>>     >> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to
>>     less than
>>     >> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*.
>>     With small
>>     >> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip
>>     switch ASIC.?
>>     >> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
>>     >>
>>     <https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/>
>>     >>
>>     >> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????????????
>>     ?? ??????
>>     >> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ????????
>>     ????????? 48x10/25
>>     >> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ?????
>>     ??????????. ? ????
>>     >> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ??
>>     25), ??
>>     >> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ???????
>>     ??????
>>     >> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>>     >>
>>     >> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
>>     >> ??????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the
>>     position of
>>     >> being informed of a congestion condition well after the
>>     condition has
>>     >> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be
>>     informed of a
>>     >> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while
>>     there is still
>>     >> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver
>>     (that is before
>>     >> packet loss occurs).
>>     >>
>>     >> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [
>>     ... ] The
>>     >> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit
>>     marking, while
>>     >> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate
>>     self-clocking
>>     >> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network
>>     buffers, leaving
>>     >> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained
>>     sources.
>>     >>
>>     >> [ ... ]
>>     >>
>>     >> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and
>>     fair
>>     >> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender
>>     pacing can
>>     >> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
>>     >> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be
>>     absorbed by
>>     >> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily
>>     contradict the
>>     >> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
>>     >> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network
>>     on the state
>>     >> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit
>>     (ECN) or a
>>     >> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>>     >>
>>     >> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ???????????
>>     ??????? ??
>>     >> ????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all
>>     currently
>>     >> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network
>>     could be able
>>     >> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This
>>     sorting adds
>>     >> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling
>>     pressures are
>>     >> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the
>>     additional cost of
>>     >> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency
>>     outcome in
>>     >> the switching function.
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????
>>     (???? 100ms)
>>     >> ?????? ===
>>     >>
>>     >> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if
>>     the network?s
>>     >> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the
>>     analysis
>>     >> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a
>>     packet drop rate
>>     >> of less than 0.005%.
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> ???????.
>>     >>
>>     >>
>>     >> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>>     >>
>>     >> ??????,
>>     >>
>>     >> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
>>     >> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>>     >>
>>     >> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared)
>>     ????????? ???
>>     >> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???
>>     ????? traffic
>>     >> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????
>>     ?????????? ??
>>     >> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
>>     >> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ??
>>     ?????????-??????????? -
>>     >> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????????
>>     ?????????? ??,
>>     >> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
>>     >> ????????????????????? ???????????
>>     >>
>>     >> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>>     >>
>>     >> ?????.
>>     >>
>>     >> --
>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>     >>
>>     >> --
>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>     >>
>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>     >>
>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>     -- >     Best regards,
>>     Alexander V Soroka http://www.svr.ua/
>>     AS106-RIPE
>>     mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>>
>>     _______________________________________________
>>     uanog mailing list
>>     uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>     https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>
>>
>>
>> -- > Best regards,
>>
>> Yevgen Ionov
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog



-- 
Best regards,
Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
AS106-RIPE
mailto:alex at euro.net.ua

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uanog mailing list
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From alex at euro.net.ua  Tue Jan  4 21:15:44 2022
From: alex at euro.net.ua (Alexander V Soroka)
Date: Tue, 4 Jan 2022 21:15:44 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc> 
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
Message-ID: <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>

?????? !

...??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? :-)...

????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????
? ???????????? ?????????  ? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ? ?????? :-)
??????????  ??  FPGA  ??  ??????  ?????  ?????  ? ??????? ??? ????? ??
???????????   ?????,   ?   ????????  ???????????  ?  ??  ?????????  ??
"???????????????"   ?  "???????????  ??????????"  :-)  ??  ?????  ????
????-???? ??????? :).
?? ????? ??? 12 ????????? ??????, ?????, ? 12 ?????? ? ???5 ?????? ???
?? ????? ???????, ??...
????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ? ???? ??????...

Cisco  ??  ???  ??????  ????  ?????????  ?  ??????????????? ??????? ??
?????????  ???????,  ?  ??  ????????  ? ????????? ???, ????? ????? ???
?????? ??? ??????? ? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? :)
????????  ?????  ?  ????,  ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ?? ?
??????  ????  ?????  ?????  ????????  ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????????? ?
?????  ????????.  ?????  ?????  ??????  ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??
?????????? :)
???????????...

Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 7:59:37 PM, Vladimir Sharun vladimir.sharun at ukr.net you wrote:
VS> ????? ????,
VS> 200G - ??? ?? 2,5 ?????????/? ?????, ? 25 ????????/?.
VS> ??????????? DDR4 ???-?? ??? ????? c ????? ???????. ? ??? ?? ???????? ?? Xeon Scalable.

VS> 4 ????? 2022, 19:44:33, ??? "Vladimir Sharun" <vladimir.sharun at ukr.net>:
VS> ????????? ???????,

VS> Netflix - ??? ??????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?? ?????
VS> ? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ????????????.

VS> ?.?. ???, ??? ???? ????? ? ???????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????.

VS> ?? ????????, ??? ??? ??, ??? Netflix ???? ????????? ?????? ?
VS> ????????? (FreeBSD ??? ??????? ? ?????????).

VS> ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? 100G ?????? ? ?????? ???????
VS> (????????????, ?.?. TLS), ????? ????? ?? 200G (? ???? ????????).
VS> ??? ????????? ????????? ?????: ?????? ??????? ????? - ??? ????,
VS> ????????? ??????? ????? - ??????, ??????????? - ??????. ? ??? ???
VS> ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????.

VS> ?????? ? ??????: ???? ?????? ??? ? ????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????????? ?????.

VS> ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????, ??????? ?????
VS> ??????? VPN ?? ?????? ???, ????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????.

VS> 4 ????? 2022, 15:57:32, ??? "Alexander V Soroka" <alex at euro.net.ua>:

VS> ?????? !

VS> ????  ????????  ????????  ??????  ?  ???,  ??? ?? "??????? ? ??????" ?
VS> ???????  ?????  ???  ?????? :-) ? ?? ??? ??? - ???? ?????? ????? ?????
VS> ?????? ? ?????? ??????.

VS> ?????? ? ??? ?.

VS> 1)  ??????????  ??????? ??????  ??  ??????  ???  ???  ???  ??? (??? ?? ??????)
VS> ?????????  -  ???  ??????  ???????? ????????? ??? ??????????? "???????
VS> ????????" ? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? "?????? ??? ??????? ????".
VS> ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ??(??).

VS> 2) ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????? "? ????? ? :-)". ?????? ?? ????? ??????...
VS> ?  ???  ???,  ??  ????  ????  ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? FPGA
VS> ???????,  ????  ?????????????, ?.?. ?????? ?? ?????????? ????-????????
VS> ?????  ? ??????????? FPGA , ? ????????? ??????? ??? ???, ????? ???????
VS> ??????  ??  ???  ??  ??????  ??????,  ?  ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??
VS> ????????  ??????,  ?  ?  ??????  ????  ??????????  ???  ????? ????? ??
VS> ????????-??????????.

VS> 3)  ??????? ???????? ??? (??? ??? ?????? ? UANET ) ???????, ? ???, ???
VS> ??   ??   ???????????  ??????  ?????????????  :-)  ???  ?????  ???????
VS> ????????(?????????????) ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????.
VS> ?  ???  ???,  ??  ??????, ?????? ?? ?????????, ???????? ? ????????????
VS> ????????????  ?????????  ???????  -  ??????  ??? ??? ??? ?????????????
VS> ??????  ???????  ??????  ?  ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????????
VS> ???????.  ?  ??????  ???  ??????  ??  ?????  ???????,  ??? ??? "??????
VS> ????????" ?????????.
VS> ???????  ??  ???  ??  ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ???-?? ??????????????
VS> ???????, ???????? ?? ??????????, ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ????.

VS> ???  ???  ?  ???  ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ????, ?
VS> ???????  ??,  ???  ?????  ?????-??  "????????????? ??????" ? ??? ?????
VS> ????????. ?.?. ????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ???????.
VS> ??  ???  ???????????? ????? :-) ? ?? ??????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?
VS> ??????? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? :-)

VS> ??? ??? ? ????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ? "??????? ? ?????? ?????",
VS> ? ????????? ??????????? ????????.

VS> ???????? ?? ????????, ?? ?? ??????? (????) ??? ???????? ?????? ???...


VS> Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 3:41:27 PM, Volodymyr Litovka doka at funlab.cc you wrote:
VL>> ??????,
VL>> ??????????????? ?? ?????? dst ip/port - ??? ?????? app layer.
VL>> ???? ?????????, ????????????, ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????
VL>> ????????????? ??????? ???????? (??????????????, ??????????? ?/???
VL>> ???????? ?????) ? ????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ?? ???
VL>> ?????? ???? ???????????, ??? ????? ??????????? "????????"
VL>> ????????????, ??? ???-?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? "?????????"
VL>> ???-?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? / port groups.

VL>> ?????? ??????????? ? ???, ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ?
VL>> ??? ???????????? shared buffer ??? ?????-?? ?????? ?????? (???
VL>> ?????; ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ASIC/FPGA; ??????????? ??
VL>> ????????? ???????? ??????) ? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????
VL>> ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ????? ????????
VL>> ?????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? (????? - ?????
VL>> ??????????) ? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ????????? ????????.

VL>> On 04.01.2022 15:31, Yevgen Ionov wrote:
>>> ???????????,
>>>
>>> ? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? P4 ??? > ???????????????? ?????-?? unusual?tasks..
>>> ????????????? FPGA? ????????????"?? ??????" ????? ???? ?? > ???????????,?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
>>> Cisco ? ???????? ??????? unusual?task ????????????? ??????????????? > video stream ?????? 20 sec ?? ????? DST IP/Port, ?.?. video-frame > ????? ?????? 20 ??? ???? ?? ?????? path ? ??? ??? ???? ?? TCP fields.
>>> https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/emea/docs/2019/pdf/BRKDCN-2694.pdf
>>>
>>> ????????????? ??? ?? ?????????????????, ???????? ???????? ? > ???????????? ?? FGPA ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? > ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ASIC & > pre-programmed?logic in OS.
>>> The behavior of the programmable blocks is specified using P4. The > Packet buffer and Replication Engine (PRE) and the Buffer Queuing > Engine (BQE) are target dependent functional blocks that may be > configured for a fixed set of operations.
>>>
>>> ?? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????, > ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? (??????????????????????, > ???????? ONOS) ? ?????????? ? ? ????????????? STP ??????.
>>> ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????? > P4??? ??????????????????? ??? ????? ???-?? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? > ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
>>>
>>> ???????.
>>>
>>> On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 13:09, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
>>>
>>>     ?????? !
>>>
>>>     ???????? ??????? ??? ????:
>>>     ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
>>>     https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference
>>>
>>>     ??????:
>>>     ...??????? ?ASIC? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? Application Specific
>>>     Integrated? Circuit.? ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
>>>     ?????,? ?????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????,
>>>     ???????? ??????? ???????????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
>>>     ?????? ???????????.? ASIC? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
>>>     ????????? ??? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????.? ?????
>>>     ???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
>>>     ????????????? ?????? ASIC,? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????????,
>>>     ??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.
>>>
>>>     ...? ?FPGA? ?(???? ????? ????????? ????)? ???????????????? ???
>>>     Field Programmable? Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ??????
>>>     ????????????? ?
>>>     ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????????????
>>>     ?????????????.? ???? ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
>>>     ??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
>>>     ??????? ????? ?? ????????????.
>>>
>>>     ???? ????
>>>     ????? ?????? ????????????????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
>>>     ???????????,? ????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
>>>     ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
>>>     ...
>>>
>>>     ???? ?? ????? ???????:? ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
>>>     FPGA.? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
>>>     ????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
>>>     ?????????,? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? "????????"? ?????? ???????????
>>>     ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
>>>     ??????????? ???????????? ???????.? ???? ??-??????? ????? ???????? ???
>>>     "????????? ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
>>>     1 ????????".
>>>
>>>     ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.
>>>
>>>
>>>     Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov
>>>     yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
>>>     YI> ?????? ??????,
>>>
>>>     >>? ??? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ??????
>>>     ?? 2
>>>     YI> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>>
>>>     YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
>>>     YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches,
>>>     ??????? ??
>>>     YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
>>>     YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ?
>>>     ????????????
>>>     YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>>>
>>>     YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
>>>     YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?????????? ?????????????
>>>     programmable
>>>     YI> switches & P4?
>>>     YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc
>>>     ????????????? P4 ??????
>>>     YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
>>>     YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????
>>>     ??????????, ??
>>>     YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>>>
>>>     YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???
>>>     ???????????????
>>>     YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>>>
>>>
>>>     YI> ???????.
>>>
>>>
>>>     YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk
>>>     <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>     >> ??????!
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
>>>     >> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about
>>>     buffer size? ?
>>>     >> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
>>>     >> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ?????
>>>     ??????, ???
>>>     >> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (???
>>>     ????????? - UDP
>>>     >> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
>>>     >> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ????????
>>>     ???? ??????
>>>     >> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ?
>>>     ??? ?????
>>>     >> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?? ???????????:
>>>     >>
>>>     >>? ? - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data
>>>     center fabric
>>>     >>? ? (Verizon)
>>>     >>
>>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>>>     >>? ? - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>>>     >>
>>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>>>     >>? ? - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>>>     >>
>>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>>>     >>? ? - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>>>     >> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?
>>>     ??????? ???
>>>     >> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??????
>>>     >> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka
>>>     <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??????,
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
>>>     ???????????
>>>     >> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????????
>>>     ???????????? ?
>>>     >> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
>>>     >> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
>>>     >> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ????????
>>>     ???????? ???:
>>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>>>     >>
>>>     >> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit
>>>     through the
>>>     >> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then
>>>     deep buffers
>>>     >> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic
>>>     observation
>>>     >> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but
>>>     no bigger!
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
>>>     >> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>>>     >>
>>>     >> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
>>>     >> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
>>>     >> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
>>>     >> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a
>>>     buffer that
>>>     >> is dimensioned to the size of:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>>>     >>
>>>     >> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links
>>>     in a busy
>>>     >> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an
>>>     RTTmin of
>>>     >> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering.
>>>     *If it
>>>     >> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to
>>>     less than
>>>     >> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*.
>>>     With small
>>>     >> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip
>>>     switch ASIC.?
>>>     >> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
>>>     >>
>>>     <https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????????????
>>>     ?? ??????
>>>     >> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ????????
>>>     ????????? 48x10/25
>>>     >> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ?????
>>>     ??????????. ? ????
>>>     >> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ??
>>>     25), ??
>>>     >> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ???????
>>>     ??????
>>>     >> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>>>     >>
>>>     >> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
>>>     >> ??????? ===
>>>     >>
>>>     >> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the
>>>     position of
>>>     >> being informed of a congestion condition well after the
>>>     condition has
>>>     >> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be
>>>     informed of a
>>>     >> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while
>>>     there is still
>>>     >> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver
>>>     (that is before
>>>     >> packet loss occurs).
>>>     >>
>>>     >> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [
>>>     ... ] The
>>>     >> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit
>>>     marking, while
>>>     >> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate
>>>     self-clocking
>>>     >> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network
>>>     buffers, leaving
>>>     >> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained
>>>     sources.
>>>     >>
>>>     >> [ ... ]
>>>     >>
>>>     >> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and
>>>     fair
>>>     >> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender
>>>     pacing can
>>>     >> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
>>>     >> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be
>>>     absorbed by
>>>     >> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily
>>>     contradict the
>>>     >> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
>>>     >> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network
>>>     on the state
>>>     >> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit
>>>     (ECN) or a
>>>     >> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>>>     >>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>>>     >>
>>>     >> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ???????????
>>>     ??????? ??
>>>     >> ????? ===
>>>     >>
>>>     >> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all
>>>     currently
>>>     >> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network
>>>     could be able
>>>     >> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This
>>>     sorting adds
>>>     >> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling
>>>     pressures are
>>>     >> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the
>>>     additional cost of
>>>     >> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency
>>>     outcome in
>>>     >> the switching function.
>>>     >>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????
>>>     (???? 100ms)
>>>     >> ?????? ===
>>>     >>
>>>     >> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if
>>>     the network?s
>>>     >> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the
>>>     analysis
>>>     >> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a
>>>     packet drop rate
>>>     >> of less than 0.005%.
>>>     >>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ???????.
>>>     >>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??????,
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
>>>     >> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared)
>>>     ????????? ???
>>>     >> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???
>>>     ????? traffic
>>>     >> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????
>>>     ?????????? ??
>>>     >> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
>>>     >> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ??
>>>     ?????????-??????????? -
>>>     >> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????????
>>>     ?????????? ??,
>>>     >> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
>>>     >> ????????????????????? ???????????
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?????.
>>>     >>
>>>     >> --
>>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>>     >>
>>>     >> --
>>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>>     >>
>>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>>     >>
>>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>     -- >     Best regards,
>>>     Alexander V Soroka http://www.svr.ua/
>>>     AS106-RIPE
>>>     mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>>>
>>>     _______________________________________________
>>>     uanog mailing list
>>>     uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>>     https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> -- > Best regards,
>>>
>>> Yevgen Ionov
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> uanog mailing list
>>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog





-- 
Best regards,
Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
AS106-RIPE
mailto:alex at euro.net.ua


From vladimir.sharun at ukr.net  Tue Jan  4 21:29:10 2022
From: vladimir.sharun at ukr.net (Vladimir Sharun)
Date: Tue, 04 Jan 2022 21:29:10 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
Message-ID: <1641323930.493015000.kdsuba5l@frv53.fwdcdn.com>

????????? ???????,

?????? security appliance'?? (PA, F5, Checkpoint, Fortigate) < $100k ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????. ????? ??? ?????????, ??? ???????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? FPGA ????? ???? ?????, ????????? ???????? ?? ? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ???????? ?????, ??????????.

Juniper'?????? ????? (QFX) - ????? ? ????? ?? FreeBSD ? control plane.

Netflix ??????? ?? ????? ? ????? ?? FreeBSD 200???? ? ???????.

?????? ???????? ?????? FPGA, ??????? ??? ?? ???????????? ????????????? ? ?????? ????????????? ?/??? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????? ? ?????????????? FPGA, ?? ? ????????????? ?????????.



4 ????? 2022, 21:15:56, ??? "Alexander V Soroka" <alex at euro.net.ua>:
?????? !

...??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? :-)...

????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????
? ???????????? ?????????  ? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ? ?????? :-)
??????????  ??  FPGA  ??  ??????  ?????  ?????  ? ??????? ??? ????? ??
???????????   ?????,   ?   ????????  ???????????  ?  ??  ?????????  ??
"???????????????"   ?  "???????????  ??????????"  :-)  ??  ?????  ????
????-???? ??????? :).
?? ????? ??? 12 ????????? ??????, ?????, ? 12 ?????? ? ???5 ?????? ???
?? ????? ???????, ??...
????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ? ???? ??????...

Cisco  ??  ???  ??????  ????  ?????????  ?  ??????????????? ??????? ??
?????????  ???????,  ?  ??  ????????  ? ????????? ???, ????? ????? ???
?????? ??? ??????? ? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? :)
????????  ?????  ?  ????,  ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ?? ?
??????  ????  ?????  ?????  ????????  ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????????? ?
?????  ????????.  ?????  ?????  ??????  ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??
?????????? :)
???????????...

Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 7:59:37 PM, Vladimir Sharun vladimir.sharun at ukr.net you wrote:
VS> ????? ????,
VS> 200G - ??? ?? 2,5 ?????????/? ?????, ? 25 ????????/?.
VS> ??????????? DDR4 ???-?? ??? ????? c ????? ???????. ? ??? ?? ???????? ?? Xeon Scalable.

VS> 4 ????? 2022, 19:44:33, ??? "Vladimir Sharun" <vladimir.sharun at ukr.net>:
VS> ????????? ???????,

VS> Netflix - ??? ??????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?? ?????
VS> ? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ????????????.

VS> ?.?. ???, ??? ???? ????? ? ???????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????.

VS> ?? ????????, ??? ??? ??, ??? Netflix ???? ????????? ?????? ?
VS> ????????? (FreeBSD ??? ??????? ? ?????????).

VS> ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? 100G ?????? ? ?????? ???????
VS> (????????????, ?.?. TLS), ????? ????? ?? 200G (? ???? ????????).
VS> ??? ????????? ????????? ?????: ?????? ??????? ????? - ??? ????,
VS> ????????? ??????? ????? - ??????, ??????????? - ??????. ? ??? ???
VS> ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????.

VS> ?????? ? ??????: ???? ?????? ??? ? ????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????????? ?????.

VS> ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????, ??????? ?????
VS> ??????? VPN ?? ?????? ???, ????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????.

VS> 4 ????? 2022, 15:57:32, ??? "Alexander V Soroka" <alex at euro.net.ua>:

VS> ?????? !

VS> ????  ????????  ????????  ??????  ?  ???,  ??? ?? "??????? ? ??????" ?
VS> ???????  ?????  ???  ?????? :-) ? ?? ??? ??? - ???? ?????? ????? ?????
VS> ?????? ? ?????? ??????.

VS> ?????? ? ??? ?.

VS> 1)  ??????????  ??????? ??????  ??  ??????  ???  ???  ???  ??? (??? ?? ??????)
VS> ?????????  -  ???  ??????  ???????? ????????? ??? ??????????? "???????
VS> ????????" ? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? "?????? ??? ??????? ????".
VS> ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ??(??).

VS> 2) ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????? "? ????? ? :-)". ?????? ?? ????? ??????...
VS> ?  ???  ???,  ??  ????  ????  ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? FPGA
VS> ???????,  ????  ?????????????, ?.?. ?????? ?? ?????????? ????-????????
VS> ?????  ? ??????????? FPGA , ? ????????? ??????? ??? ???, ????? ???????
VS> ??????  ??  ???  ??  ??????  ??????,  ?  ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??
VS> ????????  ??????,  ?  ?  ??????  ????  ??????????  ???  ????? ????? ??
VS> ????????-??????????.

VS> 3)  ??????? ???????? ??? (??? ??? ?????? ? UANET ) ???????, ? ???, ???
VS> ??   ??   ???????????  ??????  ?????????????  :-)  ???  ?????  ???????
VS> ????????(?????????????) ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????.
VS> ?  ???  ???,  ??  ??????, ?????? ?? ?????????, ???????? ? ????????????
VS> ????????????  ?????????  ???????  -  ??????  ??? ??? ??? ?????????????
VS> ??????  ???????  ??????  ?  ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????????
VS> ???????.  ?  ??????  ???  ??????  ??  ?????  ???????,  ??? ??? "??????
VS> ????????" ?????????.
VS> ???????  ??  ???  ??  ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ???-?? ??????????????
VS> ???????, ???????? ?? ??????????, ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ????.

VS> ???  ???  ?  ???  ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ????, ?
VS> ???????  ??,  ???  ?????  ?????-??  "????????????? ??????" ? ??? ?????
VS> ????????. ?.?. ????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ???????.
VS> ??  ???  ???????????? ????? :-) ? ?? ??????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?
VS> ??????? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? :-)

VS> ??? ??? ? ????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ? "??????? ? ?????? ?????",
VS> ? ????????? ??????????? ????????.

VS> ???????? ?? ????????, ?? ?? ??????? (????) ??? ???????? ?????? ???...


VS> Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 3:41:27 PM, Volodymyr Litovka doka at funlab.cc you wrote:
VL>> ??????,
VL>> ??????????????? ?? ?????? dst ip/port - ??? ?????? app layer.
VL>> ???? ?????????, ????????????, ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???????
VL>> ????????????? ??????? ???????? (??????????????, ??????????? ?/???
VL>> ???????? ?????) ? ????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ?? ???
VL>> ?????? ???? ???????????, ??? ????? ??????????? "????????"
VL>> ????????????, ??? ???-?? ?? ?????? ?? ???????????? "?????????"
VL>> ???-?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? / port groups.

VL>> ?????? ??????????? ? ???, ??? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??????????, ?
VL>> ??? ???????????? shared buffer ??? ?????-?? ?????? ?????? (???
VL>> ?????; ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ASIC/FPGA; ??????????? ??
VL>> ????????? ???????? ??????) ? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????????
VL>> ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ????? ????????
VL>> ?????????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? (????? - ?????
VL>> ??????????) ? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ????????? ????????.

VL>> On 04.01.2022 15:31, Yevgen Ionov wrote:
>>> ???????????,
>>>
>>> ? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? P4 ??? > ???????????????? ?????-?? unusual?tasks..
>>> ????????????? FPGA? ????????????"?? ??????" ????? ???? ?? > ???????????,?????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
>>> Cisco ? ???????? ??????? unusual?task ????????????? ??????????????? > video stream ?????? 20 sec ?? ????? DST IP/Port, ?.?. video-frame > ????? ?????? 20 ??? ???? ?? ?????? path ? ??? ??? ???? ?? TCP fields.
>>> https://www.ciscolive.com/c/dam/r/ciscolive/emea/docs/2019/pdf/BRKDCN-2694.pdf
>>>
>>> ????????????? ??? ?? ?????????????????, ???????? ???????? ? > ???????????? ?? FGPA ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? > ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ASIC & > pre-programmed?logic in OS.
>>> The behavior of the programmable blocks is specified using P4. The > Packet buffer and Replication Engine (PRE) and the Buffer Queuing > Engine (BQE) are target dependent functional blocks that may be > configured for a fixed set of operations.
>>>
>>> ?? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ?????????, > ?????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????????? (??????????????????????, > ???????? ONOS) ? ?????????? ? ? ????????????? STP ??????.
>>> ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????????? > P4??? ??????????????????? ??? ????? ???-?? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? > ??????? ??? ???????? ?????.
>>>
>>> ???????.
>>>
>>> On Tue, 4 Jan 2022 at 13:09, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
>>>
>>>     ?????? !
>>>
>>>     ???????? ??????? ??? ????:
>>>     ASIC vs. FPGA: What?s the difference?
>>>     https://www.sondrel.com/blog/asic-vs.-fpga:-what%27s-the-difference
>>>
>>>     ??????:
>>>     ...??????? ?ASIC? ?????????? ??????????????? ??? Application Specific
>>>     Integrated? Circuit.? ??? ??????? ?? ????????, ASIC - ??? ????????????
>>>     ?????,? ?????????????? ???? ???????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????,
>>>     ???????? ??????? ???????????????????? ??? ???????? ????? ????, ??? ???
>>>     ?????? ???????????.? ASIC? ?????????? ? ???????????? ?? ??????????????
>>>     ????????? ??? ???? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????????.? ?????
>>>     ???????????????? ???????? ???????? SoC (??????? ?? ?????????), ???????
>>>     ????????????? ?????? ASIC,? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????????,
>>>     ??????? ??, ?????? ? ???????????? ??????????.
>>>
>>>     ...? ?FPGA? ?(???? ????? ????????? ????)? ???????????????? ???
>>>     Field Programmable? Gate Array. FPGA ???????????? ??? ??????
>>>     ????????????? ?
>>>     ??????????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????????????
>>>     ?????????????.? ???? ????????, ??? FPGA ????? ???? ????????????????? ?
>>>     ??????????????????? (? ??????????? ?? ???? FPGA) ??? ?????????? ??????
>>>     ??????? ????? ?? ????????????.
>>>
>>>     ???? ????
>>>     ????? ?????? ????????????????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ?? ?? ??????????
>>>     ???????????,? ????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??????????. ? ?????? ????
>>>     ???? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????.
>>>     ...
>>>
>>>     ???? ?? ????? ???????:? ? ????? ?????? "?? ??????" ? ?? ?????? ???????
>>>     FPGA.? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????????, ? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????. ?
>>>     ????????? ????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ??? FPGA ?????? ????????? ????
>>>     ?????????,? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? "????????"? ?????? ???????????
>>>     ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????, ? ???????? ? ???????? ?????????? ?
>>>     ??????????? ???????????? ???????.? ???? ??-??????? ????? ???????? ???
>>>     "????????? ??????????", ?? ????? ????????? "????? ???????????????? ???
>>>     1 ????????".
>>>
>>>     ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? FPGA.
>>>
>>>
>>>     Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 1:59:15 PM, Yevgen Ionov
>>>     yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
>>>     YI> ?????? ??????,
>>>
>>>     >>? ??? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ??????
>>>     ?? 2
>>>     YI> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>>
>>>     YI> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ???
>>>     YI> ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches,
>>>     ??????? ??
>>>     YI> ????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????????????.
>>>     YI> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ???? ???? ?
>>>     ????????????
>>>     YI> ASIC-based ??????? ? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>>>
>>>     YI> ??? ????? ????????? ??????:
>>>     YI> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?????????? ?????????????
>>>     programmable
>>>     YI> switches & P4?
>>>     YI> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc
>>>     ????????????? P4 ??????
>>>     YI> ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
>>>     YI> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????
>>>     ??????????, ??
>>>     YI> ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>>>
>>>     YI> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???
>>>     ???????????????
>>>     YI> ??????????? FPGA vs ???????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>>>
>>>
>>>     YI> ???????.
>>>
>>>
>>>     YI> On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk
>>>     <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>     >> ??????!
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
>>>     >> 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about
>>>     buffer size? ?
>>>     >> ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
>>>     >> 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ?????
>>>     ??????, ???
>>>     >> ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (???
>>>     ????????? - UDP
>>>     >> ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
>>>     >> 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ????????
>>>     ???? ??????
>>>     >> ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ?
>>>     ??? ?????
>>>     >> ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?? ???????????:
>>>     >>
>>>     >>? ? - Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data
>>>     center fabric
>>>     >>? ? (Verizon)
>>>     >>
>>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
>>>     >>? ? - Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix
>>>     >>
>>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
>>>     >>? ? - Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom)
>>>     >>
>>>     http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
>>>     >>? ? - Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook
>>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2
>>>     >> ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?
>>>     ??????? ???
>>>     >> UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??????
>>>     >> On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka
>>>     <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??????,
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????????
>>>     ???????????
>>>     >> ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ????????????
>>>     ???????????? ?
>>>     >> 2019 ???? - "*It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from
>>>     >> academia and 72 from industry.*" --
>>>     >> https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ????????
>>>     ???????? ???:
>>>     >> http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
>>>     >>
>>>     >> [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit
>>>     through the
>>>     >> network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then
>>>     deep buffers
>>>     >> are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic
>>>     observation
>>>     >> that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but
>>>     no bigger!
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ????????
>>>     >> ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
>>>     >>
>>>     >> A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004
>>>     >> <http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1030194.1015499> used the central limit
>>>     >> theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link
>>>     >> efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a
>>>     buffer that
>>>     >> is dimensioned to the size of:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> *Size* = (*BW* ? *RTT*) / ?*N*
>>>     >>
>>>     >> This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links
>>>     in a busy
>>>     >> network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an
>>>     RTTmin of
>>>     >> 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering.
>>>     *If it
>>>     >> carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to
>>>     less than
>>>     >> 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%*.
>>>     With small
>>>     >> buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip
>>>     switch ASIC.?
>>>     >> Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
>>>     >>
>>>     <https://ccronline.sigcomm.org/2019/ccr-october-2019/sizing-router-buffers-redux/>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ????????????
>>>     ?? ??????
>>>     >> https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ????????
>>>     ????????? 48x10/25
>>>     >> + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ?????
>>>     ??????????. ? ????
>>>     >> ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ??
>>>     25), ??
>>>     >> ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ???????
>>>     ??????
>>>     >> ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
>>>     >>
>>>     >> === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ????????
>>>     >> ??????? ===
>>>     >>
>>>     >> The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the
>>>     position of
>>>     >> being informed of a congestion condition well after the
>>>     condition has
>>>     >> occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be
>>>     informed of a
>>>     >> condition as it is forming so that it can take action while
>>>     there is still
>>>     >> a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver
>>>     (that is before
>>>     >> packet loss occurs).
>>>     >>
>>>     >> However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [
>>>     ... ] The
>>>     >> conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit
>>>     marking, while
>>>     >> coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate
>>>     self-clocking
>>>     >> TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network
>>>     buffers, leaving
>>>     >> the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained
>>>     sources.
>>>     >>
>>>     >> [ ... ]
>>>     >>
>>>     >> And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and
>>>     fair
>>>     >> performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender
>>>     pacing can
>>>     >> remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can
>>>     >> stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be
>>>     absorbed by
>>>     >> buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily
>>>     contradict the
>>>     >> first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher
>>>     >> precision if there was some form of feedback from the network
>>>     on the state
>>>     >> of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit
>>>     (ECN) or a
>>>     >> complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
>>>     >>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
>>>     >>
>>>     >> === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ???????????
>>>     ??????? ??
>>>     >> ????? ===
>>>     >>
>>>     >> If the network was in a position to be able to classify all
>>>     currently
>>>     >> active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network
>>>     could be able
>>>     >> to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This
>>>     sorting adds
>>>     >> to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling
>>>     pressures are
>>>     >> a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the
>>>     additional cost of
>>>     >> switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency
>>>     outcome in
>>>     >> the switching function.
>>>     >>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??????????
>>>     (???? 100ms)
>>>     >> ?????? ===
>>>     >>
>>>     >> Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if
>>>     the network?s
>>>     >> buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the
>>>     analysis
>>>     >> revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a
>>>     packet drop rate
>>>     >> of less than 0.005%.
>>>     >>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ???????.
>>>     >>
>>>     >>
>>>     >> On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ??????,
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ??
>>>     >> ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared)
>>>     ????????? ???
>>>     >> ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???
>>>     ????? traffic
>>>     >> bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ?????
>>>     ?????????? ??
>>>     >> ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ?
>>>     >> ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ??
>>>     ?????????-??????????? -
>>>     >> ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????????
>>>     ?????????? ??,
>>>     >> ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ????????????
>>>     >> ????????????????????? ???????????
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
>>>     >>
>>>     >> ?????.
>>>     >>
>>>     >> --
>>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>>     >>
>>>     >> --
>>>     >> Volodymyr Litovka
>>>     >>? ?"Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>>     >>
>>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>>     >>
>>>     >> _______________________________________________
>>>     >> uanog mailing list
>>>     >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>>     >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>     -- >     Best regards,
>>>     Alexander V Soroka http://www.svr.ua/
>>>     AS106-RIPE
>>>     mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>>>
>>>     _______________________________________________
>>>     uanog mailing list
>>>     uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>>     https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> -- > Best regards,
>>>
>>> Yevgen Ionov
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> uanog mailing list
>>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog





-- 
Best regards,
Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
AS106-RIPE
mailto:alex at euro.net.ua

_______________________________________________
uanog mailing list
uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
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From violent at death.kiev.ua  Wed Jan  5 00:27:13 2022
From: violent at death.kiev.ua (Igor Grabin)
Date: Wed, 5 Jan 2022 00:27:13 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <1641323930.493015000.kdsuba5l@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
References: <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
 <1641323930.493015000.kdsuba5l@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
Message-ID: <20220104222713.GX30278@death.kiev.ua>

On Tue, Jan 04, 2022 at 09:29:10PM +0200, Vladimir Sharun wrote:
> Juniper'?????? ????? (QFX) - ????? ? ????? ?? FreeBSD ? control plane.
?? ? ???? ???? ???????. broadcom trident ??? ????????????
?????????????? ???????, ? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? control plane. ????? ????
(trident) ????? ????? ?????????? ??????????, ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?
????????? ????????.

mbr,
-- 
Igor "CacoDem0n" Grabin

From berestovskyy at gmail.com  Wed Jan  5 01:51:38 2022
From: berestovskyy at gmail.com (Andriy Berestovskyy)
Date: Wed, 5 Jan 2022 00:51:38 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
Message-ID: <5113D416-B4F7-4E6E-BD52-FE0D23EEEE8A@gmail.com>


> On 4 Jan 2022, at 20:15, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
> ????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????

Xeon-? ???? ??????: ???? ?? ??????????? FPGA, ???? ?? ??????????? 2x100Gbps, ???? ? 288 ??????????? ?????????

> ??????????  ??  FPGA  ??  ??????  ????? ?????  ? ??????? ??? ????? ??

??? ?????????? TCP/IP ????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? c crypto offload.

> ????????  ?????  ?  ????,  ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ?? ?

??? FPGA ????? ????? ????? ??? ???-?? ??????????????????????, ? IPsec/TLS ? ??? ??????????? ??????, ?????? ????? ????????????? ? SoC-??, ? ???????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??? Linux/FreeBSD?

??????


From vladimir.sharun at ukr.net  Wed Jan  5 10:26:38 2022
From: vladimir.sharun at ukr.net (Vladimir Sharun)
Date: Wed, 05 Jan 2022 10:26:38 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <5113D416-B4F7-4E6E-BD52-FE0D23EEEE8A@gmail.com>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
 <5113D416-B4F7-4E6E-BD52-FE0D23EEEE8A@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1641370891.304124000.59l2p3vm@frv53.fwdcdn.com>

??????,

Netflix ?????? ???? ?????? ????? Mellanox ConnectX-6 DX c ????????? ?????????? TCP ? ?????.

? ????? ??? ? ???????? ????????, Netflix/Mellanox/Chelsio "? ????? freeBSD" ???????? ???, ??????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????????.

??? ?????????? "?????? ???????": ????? ? ?? ????? ????? AES-NI ? ??? ????????. ?????? ? ?????????? ???????.

? ??-????? ? ??????? ??? FPGA - ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ? ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????? ? ?????????????? ??????? ????????????.


5 ????? 2022, 01:51:47, ??? "Andriy Berestovskyy" <berestovskyy at gmail.com>:

> On 4 Jan 2022, at 20:15, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
> ????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????

Xeon-? ???? ??????: ???? ?? ??????????? FPGA, ???? ?? ??????????? 2x100Gbps, ???? ? 288 ??????????? ?????????

> ??????????  ??  FPGA  ??  ??????  ????? ?????  ? ??????? ??? ????? ??

??? ?????????? TCP/IP ????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? c crypto offload.

> ????????  ?????  ?  ????,  ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ?? ?

??? FPGA ????? ????? ????? ??? ???-?? ??????????????????????, ? IPsec/TLS ? ??? ??????????? ??????, ?????? ????? ????????????? ? SoC-??, ? ???????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??? Linux/FreeBSD?

??????

_______________________________________________
uanog mailing list
uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
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From minotaur at crete.org.ua  Wed Jan  5 12:23:38 2022
From: minotaur at crete.org.ua (Alexander Shikov)
Date: Wed, 5 Jan 2022 12:23:38 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <20220104222713.GX30278@death.kiev.ua>
References: <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
 <1641323930.493015000.kdsuba5l@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <20220104222713.GX30278@death.kiev.ua>
Message-ID: <20220105102338.GA76613@crete.itcons.net.ua>

??????!

On Wed, Jan 05, 2022 at 00:27:13 +0200, Igor Grabin wrote:
> On Tue, Jan 04, 2022 at 09:29:10PM +0200, Vladimir Sharun wrote:
> > Juniper'?????? ????? (QFX) - ????? ? ????? ?? FreeBSD ? control plane.
> ?? ? ???? ???? ???????. broadcom trident ??? ????????????
> ?????????????? ???????, ? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? control plane. ????? ????
> (trident) ????? ????? ?????????? ??????????, ??? ??? ?? ???????? ?
> ????????? ????????.

Juniper ??????? ? ???? ???????????. :)

-- 
MINO-RIPE

From yevgen.ionov at gmail.com  Wed Jan  5 12:56:04 2022
From: yevgen.ionov at gmail.com (Yevgen Ionov)
Date: Wed, 5 Jan 2022 11:56:04 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <1641370891.304124000.59l2p3vm@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
 <5113D416-B4F7-4E6E-BD52-FE0D23EEEE8A@gmail.com>
 <1641370891.304124000.59l2p3vm@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
Message-ID: <CAEiDOA4-GCo4fefC2vopLR+omiHiNqRBTm_ExA2nKy648w2Nkw@mail.gmail.com>

????????????? FPGA ?????????? ? ???????? ???????? ? data plane (???????????
??????????? ? ????????, ???????? ???? RTP timestamp ? ?????????????? P4,
OpenFlow), ??? ??? ????????? ? ? ??????????????? ?????, AI, ???
???????????? ASIC ? ??? fixed instructions. ?.?. ??????????????? ??????? ?
??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????????? ??? ?????? ????????????????, ??? ????
??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ? HW. ??? ???? ????????????
?????????????.
???? Cisco ??? ????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ???????, ????
?? Arista ? Palo Alto ? high end ??????? ??? offload ????????? ?????.
?? ? ? offload ???? ????? ???????? ?????????, ??? ???????????? ??. ??? ????
????? ?????????? ????????? uCPE, ???????? ?? Intel SoC ? ??????????
QAT. QAT ??? ?????????? Core ? ??????? ? ???????????? ? ? ????? ?????????,
??? ?? ? PanOS, ?? ? FortiOS, ?? ? Cisco ISRv ? VM ?????????? ?? ????
???????? ?????????? ??? offload ????? ????? (AES-NI - ??, QAT - ???).
??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ? ???????.

??????????? ? ????????? ????????? ? ???????? ? ???????? ??????? FPGA + P4
????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ASIC. ?? ? ???? ???
???? ???????????, ???? ???? ????, ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????????.

On Wed, 5 Jan 2022 at 09:26, Vladimir Sharun <vladimir.sharun at ukr.net>
wrote:

> ??????,
>
> Netflix ?????? ???? ?????? ????? Mellanox ConnectX-6 DX c ?????????
> ?????????? TCP ? ?????.
>
> ? ????? ??? ? ???????? ????????, Netflix/Mellanox/Chelsio "? ?????
> freeBSD" ???????? ???, ??????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????????.
>
> ??? ?????????? "?????? ???????": ????? ? ?? ????? ????? AES-NI ? ???
> ????????. ?????? ? ?????????? ???????.
>
> ? ??-????? ? ??????? ??? FPGA - ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????
> ????? ????????? ????? ? ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ? ???????
> ?????? ? ?????????????? ??????? ????????????.
>
>
> *5 ????? 2022, 01:51:47, ??? "Andriy Berestovskyy" <berestovskyy at gmail.com
> <berestovskyy at gmail.com>>: *
>
> > On 4 Jan 2022, at 20:15, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
> > ????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????
>
> Xeon-? ???? ??????: ???? ?? ??????????? FPGA, ???? ?? ??????????? 2x100Gbps, ???? ? 288 ??????????? ?????????
>
> > ??????????  ??  FPGA  ??  ??????  ????? ?????  ? ??????? ??? ????? ??
>
> ??? ?????????? TCP/IP ????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? c crypto offload.
>
> > ????????  ?????  ?  ????,  ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ?? ?
>
> ??? FPGA ????? ????? ????? ??? ???-?? ??????????????????????, ? IPsec/TLS ? ??? ??????????? ??????, ?????? ????? ????????????? ? SoC-??, ? ???????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??? Linux/FreeBSD?
>
> ??????
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing listuanog at uanog.kiev.uahttps://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog



-- 
Best regards,

Yevgen Ionov
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From alex at euro.net.ua  Wed Jan  5 19:01:37 2022
From: alex at euro.net.ua (Alexander V Soroka)
Date: Wed, 5 Jan 2022 19:01:37 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <CAEiDOA4-GCo4fefC2vopLR+omiHiNqRBTm_ExA2nKy648w2Nkw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc> 
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
 <5113D416-B4F7-4E6E-BD52-FE0D23EEEE8A@gmail.com>
 <1641370891.304124000.59l2p3vm@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <CAEiDOA4-GCo4fefC2vopLR+omiHiNqRBTm_ExA2nKy648w2Nkw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <10810029792.20220105190137@euro.net.ua>

?????? !

?  ???,  ?  ????  ?????? ????????, ??????, ???????????? ??? ??????????
???????  ???  embedded  ?????????????????  ??  ??????  ?????? ?????? ?
?????????,   ?   ????????   ????   ????????????  ???  ?????????????  ?
????????????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? :-)

???????  ?  ?????? ??????????, ????? ??? ?????? ??????????? " ? ????"
:) "??? ??????????? ?????????", ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????
"??????????"  ??  ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ? ?????, ???
"?? ??? ??????? FreeBSD ??? ???????? ? ??? ??????????". :-)

????,
?  ???????  FPGA  ????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????, ???? ? ????
????  ?  ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ?????? ???????????? ??
????   ??????????.   ????   ?   ??????????   ????????.
????? ????????:  ?????? ?????????????,  ?  ?? ???????????????, ?????? ???
?? ?????? ?????????? ??????????   ????????  ?????,  ???????????  ????????????
????????  ?? ?????????? ??????, ? ?? ????????? ??? ??????????.

????????  ???  ????????  ???.  ????  ???????  ???????? ????? ? ???????
???????????,  ???????  ??????????  ? ????????????? ?? ????? ??????????
FPGA. ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ? ???????????, ????????:
High-Performance Network Accelerator
https://www.alpha-data.com/product/adm-pcie-9v3/
https://www.alpha-data.com/product/adm-pcie-9h3/
( ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????????? )

High Performance Data Processing
https://www.alpha-data.com/product/adm-pcie-9v7/
( ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????????? )

???? ?????????? ????? ??? ???????? (????? ??????):
https://www.xilinx.com/products/boards-and-kits.html

????  ??  ??  ?????????????? FPGA, ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??????
??? ????????? ?????? ? ???????????, ? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????.
?  ??????????  ??????????????  ????? ??????? "????????", ??????? ?????
???????? ? FPGA ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????. ????????, ??? ?????
???????   ??????????   100G   Ethernet,   ???????  ?????  ?????????  ?
???????????? ??????? ??????.

??????  ???????????  FPGA  ?  ???????????  ??????????????. ??????? ???
?????  ??????????  100G  Ethernet,  ?  ??????  ??? ?? ????? ????? ????
????????????   ???  ??????????  ???????????  ???????  ???????????  25G
Ethernet.

??????????  FPGA  ?  ???  ??  ????,  ?? ?? ???????? ?????????? ASIC, ?
?????????  ??  ?????  ?? ????????????, ?? ??????? ?????????? ????????,
????????,  ??????????????  ?  ??????  ??????????  ???????? ??? ???????
????.  ????????  ???????  ??????????  ????  ????????????,  ??????.
?? ????????????  ?????????? FPGA ?????????  ?????  ???????, ??? ?????
???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????: ?? ????????
CLB ? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????.

??????????  CLB  ?  ???????????  ??????????  FPGA ????? ???? ??????.
? Xilinx ???? ????????? ? ??????????? CLB ? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????
????? ?? ???? ?????????.

??????  CLB,  ??????  FPGA  ????  ???  ??? ?????????? ????????.
????????, ??????????  ?????  ?????????  ?  ??????????? ??? ????? DSP.
??????  ??  ???  ?????  ?????? ???????? ????????? ? ???????? 18-??????
?????  ??????  ????.  ? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? DSP ?????
????????? 6000.

??????  ?????? ? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? (Block RAM, BRAM).
??????  ????  ?????  ???????  2 ?????.  ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?
???????????  ?? ????????? ????? ????????? ?? 20 ????? ?? 20 ?????.
???  ?  CLB,  BRAM  ?  DSP-?????  ???????  ??????????????  ????????  ?
???????????  ????  ????????.  ????????  ?????  CLB,  DSP ? BRAM, ?????
???????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??????.

??????  ?????????  FPGA  ?????????  ????????????? ?????????? ????? ???
????????????????   ?  ????????????  ?????????  ??????  ?  ????????????
???????? ????????.

??? ????????????? ?????????? CPU, GPU, FPGA ? ASIC?
CPU  ???????????,  ??  ??? ????? ????????? ????? ????????, ?? ????????
?????,  ?  ???????????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ????????? ??????????
?????? ???????????????? ? ???? ??????????.

???   ????   ??-??   ???????????????  ?  ?????????????????  ??????????
??????????    CPU    ?????????    ??????????????????    ?   ??????????
????????????????? ?????. ?????????? ??? ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ????????
??????????????  ????????  CPU ????????? ????? ?????????????? ????????,
?????????  ?  ???????  ?????????? ?? ??????, ???????????? ?????? ?????
?????????? ? ????? ??????? ??????, ? ?????? ????????????.

???????,  ???  ?  ????????????,  ??  ??  ??????  ???????????  ????????
????????  ?????  ??????????  ?  ??????????  "??????"  ? ??????????????
????????????  ??????????.  ???,  ????????,  ?  ?????  ?? ?????? ??????
??????  "???????  ???????"  (?  ??????  ???????)  ? ???? ??? ?????????
"?????? ???????" ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????????, ? ?????????? ???
"?????"  ???????,  ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? "????????????".
??????????  ???????? ? ??????, ?????? ??? ?????? "?????" ??? ?????????
?  ??  ???  ??????  ????????  ???,  ???  ????????  "??????? ??????? ??
??????".  ?? ??? ????? - ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????, ? ?? ???
???????? "??? ?????" ??? RTOS.

????? (?? ?????????????????? ?? ? ?????? ???????) ?? CPU ????????? GPU.
??????????  ???  ?????????? ???? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???????, ??
??????  ????????????  ? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????.
GPU ???????   ??   ?????   ?????????   ??????????????   ????  ?  ?????????
???????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????.
??? ?????? :-) ?? GPU ????????? FPGA.

????????  ????????????  FPGA  ?  ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ?
?????  ??  ???????????  ?  ???????????  ?????????  ???????. ? ????????
???????  -  ?????  ??????? ????????????? ? ??????? ??????????? ??????:
???  ???????????  ??????  Ethernet  ??  ????  ?? ??? ?????? ??????????
?????????   ?????????   ??????,  ??????  ???  ???????  ????????  ????.
????????,  ??????????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????
?????.

????????????? FPGA ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????: ????? ??????
??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????, ? ???
?????????  ???  ?????????????.  ?????????????  CPU-???????????  ???  ?????
???????????  ?????????  ????????  ?????????  ???????? ???????. ???????
?????????  ????????  ? ????????? ? ??????? ??????????????????? ???????
??????  FPGA.  ???  ????? ???????????? RTL-????, ? RTL-????????????? ?
?????????? ?? ??????????.

??????????  ?  ???????????????  ????????  ??????????  (HLS, High-level
synthesis),  ? ???? ??????? ??????????.
??? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? FPGA ?? python:
https://habr.com/ru/post/442010/
????????? MyHDL    https://www.myhdl.org/

???? Open-Source FPGA Foundation (OSFPGA) https://osfpga.org/
?????????? ?? ????????, ??????????? ? ???????? ????? ??? ??????????
?????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ??????????? ???????, ?????????
? ?????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? FPGA.

????????? ? ???????? ???????? ???????????:

OpenFPGA - ????? ??? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????????
(EDA) ??? FPGA, ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??
????? Verilog.  https://github.com/lnis-uofu/OpenFPGA

1st  CLaaS  -  ?????????,  ???????????  ???????????? FPGA ??? ????????
?????????? ??????????? ??? web- ? ???????? ??????????.
https://github.com/stevehoover/1st-CLaaS

Verilog-to-Routing  (VTR)  -  ??????????????,  ???????????  ??  ??????
???????? ?? ????? Verilog ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? FPGA.
https://github.com/verilog-to-routing/vtr-verilog-to-routing

Symbiflow - ?????????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? FPGA Lattice
iCE40, Lattice ECP5, Xilinx 7 ? QuickLogic EOS S3.  https://symbiflow.github.io/

EPFL - ????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????.
https://github.com/lsils/lstools-showcase

Edalize   -  ??????????????  ??  ?????  Python  ???  ??????????????  ?
?????????  ?????????????  ??????????????  ??????????? ???????? (EDA) ?
????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????. https://github.com/olofk/edalize

GHDL - ??????????, ??????????, ????????? ? ?????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? VHDL.
https://github.com/ghdl/ghdl

VerilogCreator  - ?????? ? QtCreator, ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ?
????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? Verilog 2005.  https://github.com/rochus-keller/verilogcreator/

SOFA   (Skywater   Open-source   FPGA)   -   ?????  ????????  FPGA  IP
(Intellectual  Property),  ?????????  ?  ?????????????? Skywater PDK ?
?????????? OpenFPGA. https://github.com/lnis-uofu/SOFA

LiteDRAM - ????????????? IP Core ??? FPGA c ??????????? DRAM.
https://github.com/enjoy-digital/litedram

OpenCores.org  ?  ??????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ??? FPGA.
https://opencores.org/
????????? ????????:
Ethernet 10GE Low Latency MAC : https://opencores.org/projects/xge_ll_mac
1G Ethernet UDP/IP Stack : https://opencores.org/projects/udp_ip_stack
Ethernet 10GE MAC: https://opencores.org/projects/xge_mac
 AES (Rijndael) IP Core:   https://opencores.org/projects/aes_core

?  ???????? ??????????? FPGA ??????????? ??? ???????? ?????, ?????????
????????  ??????? ? ????????????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????. ? ???????
???????????  ????? FPGA ? PCI Express ? ?????????? ??????? ???????????
???????????? Intel (Altera) ??? Xilinx.

?  Microsoft  ?????  ?????????? FPGA ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????
Bing,  ?  ?????  ???  ???????????  Software Defined Networking ??????
?????? Azure.

???? ???????, ??? , ????????, ? ???????? "?_?_?" ? ??????? ? ???????,
???? ????-????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ? "?????? ???????".
??????????????????  ????  ?????????  ?  ??????,  ?  ????????  ????????
??????? (?????????????, ??????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????)
?? ???? ? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???????,
? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ??????? 30-50%.
...??-?? ?????????? ??????? ? "???????????? ???????? ??????????"
????????,  ?  ?????????,  ?????????? ????????????, ?? ? ???? ?? ??????
????????  ???  ?????  "?????  ?????"  :)  ?  ????? ???? ? ?????????? ?
"???-20" ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? (????????????? ??????, ??????
? ?.?.).
??????????,  ???????  ?????????  ???????  ??? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ?
????????  ??????, ? ?????, ????? ??????????? ????? ????????????, ??? ?
?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ? ?????-?? ?????????????? ? ??????.

? ???? ?????????? :-) ? ?? ?????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ?????????
(???  FPGA)  ????????  ?????  ????,  ???  ?????? ???, ?? ?????? ??????
?????, ? ?????? ? ???????? ??????...
???  ???  ????  ????  ?????????  ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ?????
????? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ...?? ???????..., ??????? ????? ?????
?  ????  ????????? ? ???? ?? ???, ? ??????? ????-?? ??? ????? ? ??????
???????? (?? ??? ?????? ????? ???).



Wednesday, January 5, 2022, 12:56:04 PM, Yevgen Ionov yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
YI> ????????????? FPGA ?????????? ? ???????? ???????? ? data plane (???????????
YI> ??????????? ? ????????, ???????? ???? RTP timestamp ? ?????????????? P4,
YI> OpenFlow), ??? ??? ????????? ? ? ??????????????? ?????, AI, ???
YI> ???????????? ASIC ? ??? fixed instructions. ?.?. ??????????????? ??????? ?
YI> ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????????? ??? ?????? ????????????????, ??? ????
YI> ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ? HW. ??? ???? ????????????
YI> ?????????????.
YI> ???? Cisco ??? ????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ???????, ????
YI> ?? Arista ? Palo Alto ? high end ??????? ??? offload ????????? ?????.
YI> ?? ? ? offload ???? ????? ???????? ?????????, ??? ???????????? ??. ??? ????
YI> ????? ?????????? ????????? uCPE, ???????? ?? Intel SoC ? ??????????
YI> QAT. QAT ??? ?????????? Core ? ??????? ? ???????????? ? ? ????? ?????????,
YI> ??? ?? ? PanOS, ?? ? FortiOS, ?? ? Cisco ISRv ? VM ?????????? ?? ????
YI> ???????? ?????????? ??? offload ????? ????? (AES-NI - ??, QAT - ???).
YI> ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ? ???????.

YI> ??????????? ? ????????? ????????? ? ???????? ? ???????? ??????? FPGA + P4
YI> ????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ASIC. ?? ? ???? ???
YI> ???? ???????????, ???? ???? ????, ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????????.

YI> On Wed, 5 Jan 2022 at 09:26, Vladimir Sharun <vladimir.sharun at ukr.net>
YI> wrote:
>> ??????,
>>
>> Netflix ?????? ???? ?????? ????? Mellanox ConnectX-6 DX c ?????????
>> ?????????? TCP ? ?????.
>>
>> ? ????? ??? ? ???????? ????????, Netflix/Mellanox/Chelsio "? ?????
>> freeBSD" ???????? ???, ??????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????????.
>>
>> ??? ?????????? "?????? ???????": ????? ? ?? ????? ????? AES-NI ? ???
>> ????????. ?????? ? ?????????? ???????.
>>
>> ? ??-????? ? ??????? ??? FPGA - ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????
>> ????? ????????? ????? ? ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ? ???????
>> ?????? ? ?????????????? ??????? ????????????.
>>
>>
>> *5 ????? 2022, 01:51:47, ??? "Andriy Berestovskyy" <berestovskyy at gmail.com
>> <berestovskyy at gmail.com>>: *
>>
>> > On 4 Jan 2022, at 20:15, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
>> > ????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????
>>
>> Xeon-? ???? ??????: ???? ?? ??????????? FPGA, ???? ?? ??????????? 2x100Gbps, ???? ? 288 ??????????? ?????????
>>
>> > ??????????  ??  FPGA  ??  ??????  ????? ?????  ? ??????? ??? ????? ??
>>
>> ??? ?????????? TCP/IP ????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? c crypto offload.
>>
>> > ????????  ?????  ?  ????,  ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ?? ?
>>
>> ??? FPGA ????? ????? ????? ??? ???-?? ??????????????????????, ? IPsec/TLS ? ??? ??????????? ??????, ?????? ????? ????????????? ? SoC-??, ? ???????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??? Linux/FreeBSD?
>>
>> ??????
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing listuanog at uanog.kiev.uahttps://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog





-- 
Best regards,
Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
AS106-RIPE
mailto:alex at euro.net.ua


From zorick.ua at gmail.com  Thu Jan  6 02:45:44 2022
From: zorick.ua at gmail.com (Andrii Zarechanskyi)
Date: Thu, 6 Jan 2022 01:45:44 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <10810029792.20220105190137@euro.net.ua>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
 <5113D416-B4F7-4E6E-BD52-FE0D23EEEE8A@gmail.com>
 <1641370891.304124000.59l2p3vm@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <CAEiDOA4-GCo4fefC2vopLR+omiHiNqRBTm_ExA2nKy648w2Nkw@mail.gmail.com>
 <10810029792.20220105190137@euro.net.ua>
Message-ID: <CA+CFmsNKLq_MXiFoM6CAmzgGVfb+Ku9mGABxhaTxcBVGRzqOyA@mail.gmail.com>

- ????, ????, ? ??? ??????? - ?????? ??? ?????????
- ????????
- ? ???????
- ? ???? ????????? ????, ? ? ??????? ? ?????????, ?????????? ???

On Wed, Jan 5, 2022 at 6:02 PM Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:

> ?????? !
>
> ?  ???,  ?  ????  ?????? ????????, ??????, ???????????? ??? ??????????
> ???????  ???  embedded  ?????????????????  ??  ??????  ?????? ?????? ?
> ?????????,   ?   ????????   ????   ????????????  ???  ?????????????  ?
> ????????????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? :-)
>
> ???????  ?  ?????? ??????????, ????? ??? ?????? ??????????? " ? ????"
> :) "??? ??????????? ?????????", ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????
> "??????????"  ??  ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ? ?????, ???
> "?? ??? ??????? FreeBSD ??? ???????? ? ??? ??????????". :-)
>
> ????,
> ?  ???????  FPGA  ????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????, ???? ? ????
> ????  ?  ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ?????? ???????????? ??
> ????   ??????????.   ????   ?   ??????????   ????????.
> ????? ????????:  ?????? ?????????????,  ?  ?? ???????????????, ?????? ???
> ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????????   ????????  ?????,  ???????????
> ????????????
> ????????  ?? ?????????? ??????, ? ?? ????????? ??? ??????????.
>
> ????????  ???  ????????  ???.  ????  ???????  ???????? ????? ? ???????
> ???????????,  ???????  ??????????  ? ????????????? ?? ????? ??????????
> FPGA. ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ? ???????????, ????????:
> High-Performance Network Accelerator
> https://www.alpha-data.com/product/adm-pcie-9v3/
> https://www.alpha-data.com/product/adm-pcie-9h3/
> ( ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????????? )
>
> High Performance Data Processing
> https://www.alpha-data.com/product/adm-pcie-9v7/
> ( ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????????? )
>
> ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ???????? (????? ??????):
> https://www.xilinx.com/products/boards-and-kits.html
>
> ????  ??  ??  ?????????????? FPGA, ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??????
> ??? ????????? ?????? ? ???????????, ? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????.
> ?  ??????????  ??????????????  ????? ??????? "????????", ??????? ?????
> ???????? ? FPGA ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????. ????????, ??? ?????
> ???????   ??????????   100G   Ethernet,   ???????  ?????  ?????????  ?
> ???????????? ??????? ??????.
>
> ??????  ???????????  FPGA  ?  ???????????  ??????????????. ??????? ???
> ?????  ??????????  100G  Ethernet,  ?  ??????  ??? ?? ????? ????? ????
> ????????????   ???  ??????????  ???????????  ???????  ???????????  25G
> Ethernet.
>
> ??????????  FPGA  ?  ???  ??  ????,  ?? ?? ???????? ?????????? ASIC, ?
> ?????????  ??  ?????  ?? ????????????, ?? ??????? ?????????? ????????,
> ????????,  ??????????????  ?  ??????  ??????????  ???????? ??? ???????
> ????.  ????????  ???????  ??????????  ????  ????????????,  ??????.
> ?? ????????????  ?????????? FPGA ?????????  ?????  ???????, ??? ?????
> ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????: ?? ????????
> CLB ? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????.
>
> ??????????  CLB  ?  ???????????  ??????????  FPGA ????? ???? ??????.
> ? Xilinx ???? ????????? ? ??????????? CLB ? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????
> ????? ?? ???? ?????????.
>
> ??????  CLB,  ??????  FPGA  ????  ???  ??? ?????????? ????????.
> ????????, ??????????  ?????  ?????????  ?  ??????????? ??? ????? DSP.
> ??????  ??  ???  ?????  ?????? ???????? ????????? ? ???????? 18-??????
> ?????  ??????  ????.  ? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? DSP ?????
> ????????? 6000.
>
> ??????  ?????? ? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? (Block RAM, BRAM).
> ??????  ????  ?????  ???????  2 ?????.  ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?
> ???????????  ?? ????????? ????? ????????? ?? 20 ????? ?? 20 ?????.
> ???  ?  CLB,  BRAM  ?  DSP-?????  ???????  ??????????????  ????????  ?
> ???????????  ????  ????????.  ????????  ?????  CLB,  DSP ? BRAM, ?????
> ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??????.
>
> ??????  ?????????  FPGA  ?????????  ????????????? ?????????? ????? ???
> ????????????????   ?  ????????????  ?????????  ??????  ?  ????????????
> ???????? ????????.
>
> ??? ????????????? ?????????? CPU, GPU, FPGA ? ASIC?
> CPU  ???????????,  ??  ??? ????? ????????? ????? ????????, ?? ????????
> ?????,  ?  ???????????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ????????? ??????????
> ?????? ???????????????? ? ???? ??????????.
>
> ???   ????   ??-??   ???????????????  ?  ?????????????????  ??????????
> ??????????    CPU    ?????????    ??????????????????    ?   ??????????
> ????????????????? ?????. ?????????? ??? ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ????????
> ??????????????  ????????  CPU ????????? ????? ?????????????? ????????,
> ?????????  ?  ???????  ?????????? ?? ??????, ???????????? ?????? ?????
> ?????????? ? ????? ??????? ??????, ? ?????? ????????????.
>
> ???????,  ???  ?  ????????????,  ??  ??  ??????  ???????????  ????????
> ????????  ?????  ??????????  ?  ??????????  "??????"  ? ??????????????
> ????????????  ??????????.  ???,  ????????,  ?  ?????  ?? ?????? ??????
> ??????  "???????  ???????"  (?  ??????  ???????)  ? ???? ??? ?????????
> "?????? ???????" ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????????, ? ?????????? ???
> "?????"  ???????,  ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? "????????????".
> ??????????  ???????? ? ??????, ?????? ??? ?????? "?????" ??? ?????????
> ?  ??  ???  ??????  ????????  ???,  ???  ????????  "??????? ??????? ??
> ??????".  ?? ??? ????? - ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????, ? ?? ???
> ???????? "??? ?????" ??? RTOS.
>
> ????? (?? ?????????????????? ?? ? ?????? ???????) ?? CPU ????????? GPU.
> ??????????  ???  ?????????? ???? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???????, ??
> ??????  ????????????  ? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????.
> GPU ???????   ??   ?????   ?????????   ??????????????   ????  ?  ?????????
> ???????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????.
> ??? ?????? :-) ?? GPU ????????? FPGA.
>
> ????????  ????????????  FPGA  ?  ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ?
> ?????  ??  ???????????  ?  ???????????  ?????????  ???????. ? ????????
> ???????  -  ?????  ??????? ????????????? ? ??????? ??????????? ??????:
> ???  ???????????  ??????  Ethernet  ??  ????  ?? ??? ?????? ??????????
> ?????????   ?????????   ??????,  ??????  ???  ???????  ????????  ????.
> ????????,  ??????????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????
> ?????.
>
> ????????????? FPGA ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????: ????? ??????
> ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????, ? ???
> ?????????  ???  ?????????????.  ?????????????  CPU-???????????  ???  ?????
> ???????????  ?????????  ????????  ?????????  ???????? ???????. ???????
> ?????????  ????????  ? ????????? ? ??????? ??????????????????? ???????
> ??????  FPGA.  ???  ????? ???????????? RTL-????, ? RTL-????????????? ?
> ?????????? ?? ??????????.
>
> ??????????  ?  ???????????????  ????????  ??????????  (HLS, High-level
> synthesis),  ? ???? ??????? ??????????.
> ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? FPGA ?? python:
> https://habr.com/ru/post/442010/
> ????????? MyHDL    https://www.myhdl.org/
>
> ???? Open-Source FPGA Foundation (OSFPGA) https://osfpga.org/
> ?????????? ?? ????????, ??????????? ? ???????? ????? ??? ??????????
> ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ??????????? ???????, ?????????
> ? ?????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? FPGA.
>
> ????????? ? ???????? ???????? ???????????:
>
> OpenFPGA - ????? ??? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????????
> (EDA) ??? FPGA, ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??
> ????? Verilog.  https://github.com/lnis-uofu/OpenFPGA
>
> 1st  CLaaS  -  ?????????,  ???????????  ???????????? FPGA ??? ????????
> ?????????? ??????????? ??? web- ? ???????? ??????????.
> https://github.com/stevehoover/1st-CLaaS
>
> Verilog-to-Routing  (VTR)  -  ??????????????,  ???????????  ??  ??????
> ???????? ?? ????? Verilog ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? FPGA.
> https://github.com/verilog-to-routing/vtr-verilog-to-routing
>
> Symbiflow - ?????????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? FPGA Lattice
> iCE40, Lattice ECP5, Xilinx 7 ? QuickLogic EOS S3.
> https://symbiflow.github.io/
>
> EPFL - ????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????.
> https://github.com/lsils/lstools-showcase
>
> Edalize   -  ??????????????  ??  ?????  Python  ???  ??????????????  ?
> ?????????  ?????????????  ??????????????  ??????????? ???????? (EDA) ?
> ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????. https://github.com/olofk/edalize
>
> GHDL - ??????????, ??????????, ????????? ? ?????????? ??? ????? ????????
> ?????????? VHDL.
> https://github.com/ghdl/ghdl
>
> VerilogCreator  - ?????? ? QtCreator, ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ?
> ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? Verilog 2005.
> https://github.com/rochus-keller/verilogcreator/
>
> SOFA   (Skywater   Open-source   FPGA)   -   ?????  ????????  FPGA  IP
> (Intellectual  Property),  ?????????  ?  ?????????????? Skywater PDK ?
> ?????????? OpenFPGA. https://github.com/lnis-uofu/SOFA
>
> LiteDRAM - ????????????? IP Core ??? FPGA c ??????????? DRAM.
> https://github.com/enjoy-digital/litedram
>
> OpenCores.org  ?  ??????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ??? FPGA.
> https://opencores.org/
> ????????? ????????:
> Ethernet 10GE Low Latency MAC : https://opencores.org/projects/xge_ll_mac
> 1G <https://opencores.org/projects/xge_ll_mac1G> Ethernet UDP/IP Stack :
> https://opencores.org/projects/udp_ip_stack
> Ethernet 10GE MAC: https://opencores.org/projects/xge_mac
>  AES (Rijndael) IP Core:   https://opencores.org/projects/aes_core
>
> ?  ???????? ??????????? FPGA ??????????? ??? ???????? ?????, ?????????
> ????????  ??????? ? ????????????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????. ? ???????
> ???????????  ????? FPGA ? PCI Express ? ?????????? ??????? ???????????
> ???????????? Intel (Altera) ??? Xilinx.
>
> ?  Microsoft  ?????  ?????????? FPGA ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????
> Bing,  ?  ?????  ???  ???????????  Software Defined Networking ??????
> ?????? Azure.
>
> ???? ???????, ??? , ????????, ? ???????? "?_?_?" ? ??????? ? ???????,
> ???? ????-????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ? "?????? ???????".
> ??????????????????  ????  ?????????  ?  ??????,  ?  ????????  ????????
> ??????? (?????????????, ??????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????)
> ?? ???? ? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???????,
> ? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ??????? 30-50%.
> ...??-?? ?????????? ??????? ? "???????????? ???????? ??????????"
> ????????,  ?  ?????????,  ?????????? ????????????, ?? ? ???? ?? ??????
> ????????  ???  ?????  "?????  ?????"  :)  ?  ????? ???? ? ?????????? ?
> "???-20" ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? (????????????? ??????, ??????
> ? ?.?.).
> ??????????,  ???????  ?????????  ???????  ??? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ?
> ????????  ??????, ? ?????, ????? ??????????? ????? ????????????, ??? ?
> ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ? ?????-?? ?????????????? ? ??????.
>
> ? ???? ?????????? :-) ? ?? ?????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ?????????
> (???  FPGA)  ????????  ?????  ????,  ???  ?????? ???, ?? ?????? ??????
> ?????, ? ?????? ? ???????? ??????...
> ???  ???  ????  ????  ?????????  ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ?????
> ????? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ...?? ???????..., ??????? ????? ?????
> ?  ????  ????????? ? ???? ?? ???, ? ??????? ????-?? ??? ????? ? ??????
> ???????? (?? ??? ?????? ????? ???).
>
>
>
> Wednesday, January 5, 2022, 12:56:04 PM, Yevgen Ionov
> yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
> YI> ????????????? FPGA ?????????? ? ???????? ???????? ? data plane
> (???????????
> YI> ??????????? ? ????????, ???????? ???? RTP timestamp ? ??????????????
> P4,
> YI> OpenFlow), ??? ??? ????????? ? ? ??????????????? ?????, AI, ???
> YI> ???????????? ASIC ? ??? fixed instructions. ?.?. ???????????????
> ??????? ?
> YI> ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????????? ??? ?????? ????????????????, ??? ????
> YI> ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ? HW. ??? ???? ????????????
> YI> ?????????????.
> YI> ???? Cisco ??? ????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ???????,
> ????
> YI> ?? Arista ? Palo Alto ? high end ??????? ??? offload ????????? ?????.
> YI> ?? ? ? offload ???? ????? ???????? ?????????, ??? ???????????? ??. ???
> ????
> YI> ????? ?????????? ????????? uCPE, ???????? ?? Intel SoC ? ??????????
> YI> QAT. QAT ??? ?????????? Core ? ??????? ? ???????????? ? ? ?????
> ?????????,
> YI> ??? ?? ? PanOS, ?? ? FortiOS, ?? ? Cisco ISRv ? VM ?????????? ?? ????
> YI> ???????? ?????????? ??? offload ????? ????? (AES-NI - ??, QAT - ???).
> YI> ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ? ???????.
>
> YI> ??????????? ? ????????? ????????? ? ???????? ? ???????? ??????? FPGA +
> P4
> YI> ????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ASIC. ?? ?
> ???? ???
> YI> ???? ???????????, ???? ???? ????, ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???
> ????????.
>
> YI> On Wed, 5 Jan 2022 at 09:26, Vladimir Sharun <vladimir.sharun at ukr.net>
> YI> wrote:
> >> ??????,
> >>
> >> Netflix ?????? ???? ?????? ????? Mellanox ConnectX-6 DX c ?????????
> >> ?????????? TCP ? ?????.
> >>
> >> ? ????? ??? ? ???????? ????????, Netflix/Mellanox/Chelsio "? ?????
> >> freeBSD" ???????? ???, ??????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????????.
> >>
> >> ??? ?????????? "?????? ???????": ????? ? ?? ????? ????? AES-NI ? ???
> >> ????????. ?????? ? ?????????? ???????.
> >>
> >> ? ??-????? ? ??????? ??? FPGA - ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????????
> ????
> >> ????? ????????? ????? ? ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?
> ???????
> >> ?????? ? ?????????????? ??????? ????????????.
> >>
> >>
> >> *5 ????? 2022, 01:51:47, ??? "Andriy Berestovskyy" <
> berestovskyy at gmail.com
> >> <berestovskyy at gmail.com>>: *
> >>
> >> > On 4 Jan 2022, at 20:15, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
> >> > ????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????
> >>
> >> Xeon-? ???? ??????: ???? ?? ??????????? FPGA, ???? ?? ???????????
> 2x100Gbps, ???? ? 288 ??????????? ?????????
> >>
> >> > ??????????  ??  FPGA  ??  ??????  ????? ?????  ? ??????? ??? ????? ??
> >>
> >> ??? ?????????? TCP/IP ????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? c
> crypto offload.
> >>
> >> > ????????  ?????  ?  ????,  ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ?? ?
> >>
> >> ??? FPGA ????? ????? ????? ??? ???-?? ??????????????????????, ?
> IPsec/TLS ? ??? ??????????? ??????, ?????? ????? ????????????? ? SoC-??, ?
> ???????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??? Linux/FreeBSD?
> >>
> >> ??????
> >>
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> uanog mailing listuanog at uanog.kiev.uahttps://
> mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
> >>
> >> _______________________________________________
> >> uanog mailing list
> >> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> >> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
>
>
>
>
> --
> Best regards,
> Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
> AS106-RIPE
> mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
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From alexey at sumy.net  Fri Jan  7 16:36:14 2022
From: alexey at sumy.net (Alexey Ugnichev)
Date: Fri, 7 Jan 2022 16:36:14 +0200
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <e39a5cdb-f288-4e66-b024-e48c7a5b20f9@Spark>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <c5a92d77-ae21-a664-2bab-864728f5644d@funlab.cc>
 <e39a5cdb-f288-4e66-b024-e48c7a5b20f9@Spark>
Message-ID: <CAPe1NzAGGXLPUwQzunP0kdDZfZEX5M=Pcri_Vso-3sufp8i_QA@mail.gmail.com>

??????!

On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 21:54, Maksym Tulyuk <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:

> The experiments showed that QUIC had a transformative effect on video
> metrics in the Facebook app. Mean time between rebuffering (MTBR), a
> measure of the time between buffering events, improved in aggregate by up
> to 22 percent, depending on the platform. The overall error count on video
> requests was reduced by 8 percent. The rate of video stalls was reduced by
> 20 percent. (C) ) Facebook devs
>
>
> ? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????.
>

??? ??? ???????, ?? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ?????, ????? ?????
DASH ? ??????????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? HTTP1 (??? ???????, RTMP ? RTMPT
?????? ??? ???? ?? HTTP). ?? ???? ???????? ? endpoints ??? API ??? ??,
????? ???? ?? HTTP3.
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From maksym at tulyuk.com  Tue Jan 11 09:40:20 2022
From: maksym at tulyuk.com (Maksym Tulyuk)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 08:40:20 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <75fc0a93-0057-4529-947a-e41c88c18aae@Spark>

??????.

? ???? ??? ??????? 3 ??????? ???????????? P4:
1) ????????? IX ??? MPLS stack ? ??? ????????? ???????????? ??????, ? ?? ???????
2) ??????????? ?????? ? ?????? ???? ??? ???????
3) ??????????? ?????? ? ?????????? ??? ????? 2 ??????????? ?????? ??? ????????????

?? ????, ??? ? ???? ?? ???????????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????.

??????
On 4 Jan 2022, 12:59 +0100, Yevgen Ionov <yevgen.ionov at gmail.com>, wrote:
> ?????? ??????,
>
> >? ??? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2 ?????????http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
>
> ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????????????? ????? (P4 Toolkit) & P4 programmable switches, ??????? ?? ????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????????.
> ? ???? ? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ????????? ? ????????????? ASIC-based ????????? ?????????????? ????????? buffers.
>
> ??? ????? ????????????????:
> 1. ??????????? ?? ???? ? ????? ??????????? ????????????? programmable switches & P4?
> ? ????? ?????? ?????????? flows, congestions, etc ????????????? P4 ?????? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ? ??????????.
> ?? ????????? Telco ???????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ??????????, ?? ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????
>
> 2. ????????? ?? ?????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????????????? ????????????FPGA?vs????????????? ASIC-based ????????????
>
>
> ???????.
>
>
> > On Thu, 30 Dec 2021 at 11:57, Maksym Tulyuk <maksym at tulyuk.com> wrote:
> > > ??????!
> > >
> > > ? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????:
> > > 1) ?? ?????????? ??????? "We still know very little about buffer size? ? ???? ??? ?????? ?????/?????
> > > 2) ??? ????????? ?????????? ????????? TCP tuning ? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ??? ? 2019 ? Deutsche Telekom ?? ????????? ????? 84.4% (??? ????????? - UDP ? ??????? ?????? QUIC)
> > > 3) ??? ??????? ???????????? ??? MTU size 1500, ???? ? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? 50% ???????? https://stats.ams-ix.net/sflow/size.html ? ??? ????? ?? ??????? 35% - ??? ?????? ???????? 64-127 bytes
> > >
> > > ?? ???????????:
> > >
> > > ? Understanding switch buffer utilization in CLOS data center fabric (Verizon) http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/Understanding%20switch%20buffer%20utilization%20in%20CLOS%20data%20center%20fabric.pptx
> > > ? Buffer sizing and Video QoE Measurements at Netflix http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/netflix%20buffer%20sizing.pdf
> > > ? Queueing at the Telco Service Edge (Deutsche Telekom) http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/slides/BS_QueueingEdge_2019_12_03.pdf
> > > ? Buffer Sizing Experiments at Facebook?http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper30.pdf
> > >
> > > ?? ?????????: ??????? ????? ??????????, ????? ???????? ?????? ?? 2 ???????? http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/papers/paper18.pdf
> > >
> > > ?? ??? ??? ???? ? 2019, ? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ? ??????? ??? UDP+QUIC ? ??? ???????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ????.
> > >
> > > ??????
> > > On 28 Dec 2021, 10:02 +0100, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc>, wrote:
> > > > ??????,
> > > > ??? ????????? ?????????, ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ? ????????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ? ???????????? ???????????? ? 2019 ???? - "It hosted 98 attendees from 12 economies with 26 from academia and 72 from industry." -- https://blog.apnic.net/2019/12/12/sizing-the-buffer/
> > > > ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? - ????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???: http://buffer-workshop.stanford.edu/program/
> > > > > [ ... ] buffers also add additional lag to a packet?s transit through the network. If you want to implement a low jitter service, then deep buffers are decidedly unfriendly! The result is the rather enigmatic observation that network buffers have to be as big as they need to be, but no bigger!
> > > > ??? ?????? ??? :) ??????? ?????? ?? ??????:
> > > > === 1. ??????????? "????? 40MB - ??????" ?? ??????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ===
> > > > > A study by a Stanford TCP research group in 2004 used the central limit theorem to point to a radically smaller model of buffer size. Link efficiency can be maintained for N desynchronized flows with a buffer that is dimensioned to the size of:
> > > > > Size?= (BW???RTT) / ?N
> > > > > This is a radical result for high-speed extended latency links in a busy network. The consequences on router design are enormous:
> > > > > > ?For example, a 1 Tb/s ISP router carrying one TCP flow with an RTTmin of 100ms would require 12.5 GB of buffer and off-chip buffering. If it carries 100,000 flows, then the buffer can be safely reduced to less than 40MB, reducing the buffering and worst-case latency by 99.7%. With small buffers, the buffer would comfortably fit on a single chip switch ASIC.?
> > > > > > Nick McKeown et. al. Sizing Router Buffers (Redux)
> > > > ????? ???????, ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ?????? https://people.ucsc.edu/~warner/buffer.html ? ???????? ????????? 48x10/25 + 6-8/100 ?????????????? ???????? ?????? 32-40MB - ????? ??????????. ? ???? ??????, ??? ???????????? ?????? - ??? 1/10G ????????? (???? ?? 25), ?? ????? ????????????, ??? ???????? is absolutely safe ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ????? ????????????.
> > > > === 2. ????????????? inline notification ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ===
> > > > > The advantage of ECN is that the sender is not placed in the position of being informed of a congestion condition well after the condition has occurred. Explicit notification allows the sender to be informed of a condition as it is forming so that it can take action while there is still a coherent ack pacing signal coming back from the receiver (that is before packet loss occurs).
> > > > > However, ECN is only a single bit marking. Is this enough? [ ... ] The conclusion from one presentation is that the single-bit marking, while coarse and non-specific is probably sufficient to moderate self-clocking TCP flows such that they do not place pressure on network buffers, leaving the buffers to deal with short term bursts from unconstrained sources.
> > > > [ ... ]
> > > > > And if we want to reduce buffer size and maintain efficient and fair performance how can we achieve it? One view is that sender pacing can remove much of the pressure on buffers, and self-clocking flows can stabilise without emitting transient bursts that need to be absorbed by buffers. Another view, and one that does not necessarily contradict the first, is that the self-clocking algorithm can operate with higher precision if there was some form of feedback from the network on the state of the network path. This can be as simple as a single bit (ECN) or a complete trace of path element queue state (HPCC).
> > > >
> > > > ??? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ECN
> > > > === 3. flow-aware traffic management ?? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ????? ===
> > > > > If the network was in a position to be able to classify all currently active flows into either elephants or mice, then the network could be able to use different queuing regimes for each traffic class. This sorting adds to the cost and complexity of packet switches, and if scaling pressures are a factor in switch design then it?s not clear that the additional cost of switch complexity would be offset by a far superior efficiency outcome in the switching function.
> > > >
> > > > === 4. ? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????????? (???? 100ms) ?????? ===
> > > > > Further analysis reveals an estimate of packet drop rates if the network?s buffers were reduced in size, and for this particular case, the analysis revealed that an 18msec buffer would be able to sustain a packet drop rate of less than 0.005%.
> > > >
> > > > ???????.
> > > >
> > > > On 15.10.2021 14:48, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
> > > > > ??????,
> > > > > ? ??? ??? ???? ????????, ? ? ?? ???? ?? ?????????? :) ? ???????, ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????, ??? ??? ?? ???? -
> > > > > ?? ????? ????????, ??????? ?????? (?? ???? ??? shared) ????????? ??? ????????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? traffic bursts? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? "? ???? ??? ???????", "? ??????? ??????? ????? ? ????????? ?? ???????????" ?? ???? ????, ? ?? ?????????-??????????? - ???????? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??, ?????????, ?? ??????????? ?????????? 24x1G + 2x10G ? ???????????? ????????????????????? ???????????
> > > > > ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????????? :)
> > > > > ?????.
> > > > > --
> > > > > Volodymyr Litovka
> > > > >  "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
> > > > --
> > > > Volodymyr Litovka
> > > >  "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
> > > > _______________________________________________
> > > > uanog mailing list
> > > > uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> > > > https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
> > > _______________________________________________
> > > uanog mailing list
> > > uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> > > https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
>
> --
> Best regards,
>
> Yevgen Ionov
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From maksym at tulyuk.com  Tue Jan 11 09:54:34 2022
From: maksym at tulyuk.com (Maksym Tulyuk)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 08:54:34 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
Message-ID: <7270d2db-480d-45cb-9864-ce68a79d0edf@Spark>

????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????????:
2019: NUMA Siloing in the FreeBSD Network Stack (Or how to serve 200Gb/s of TLS from FreeBSD)?https://2019.eurobsdcon.org/slides/NUMA%20Optimizations%20in%20the%20FreeBSD%20Network%20Stack%20-%20Drew%20Gallatin.pdf
2021: Serving Netflix Video at 400Gb/s on FreeBSD https://people.freebsd.org/~gallatin/talks/euro2021.pdf

????: ??????????? ?????? ?? ???????, ????????? ? ???????????? ????????.

??????
On 4 Jan 2022, 20:15 +0100, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua>, wrote:
> ?????? !
>
> ...??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? :-)...
>
> ????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????
> ? ???????????? ????????? ? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ? ?????? :-)
> ?????????? ?? FPGA ?? ?????? ????? ????? ? ??????? ??? ????? ??
> ??????????? ?????, ? ???????? ??????????? ? ?? ????????? ??
> "???????????????" ? "??????????? ??????????" :-) ?? ????? ????
> ????-???? ??????? :).
> ?? ????? ??? 12 ????????? ??????, ?????, ? 12 ?????? ? ???5 ?????? ???
> ?? ????? ???????, ??...
> ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ? ???? ??????...
>
> Cisco ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ? ??????????????? ??????? ??
> ????????? ???????, ? ?? ???????? ? ????????? ???, ????? ????? ???
> ?????? ??? ??????? ? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? :)
> ???????? ????? ? ????, ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ?? ?
> ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??????????? ?
> ????? ????????. ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??
> ?????????? :)
> ???????????...
>
> Tuesday, January 4, 2022, 7:59:37 PM, Vladimir Sharun vladimir.sharun at ukr.net you wrote:
> VS> ????? ????,
> VS> 200G - ??? ?? 2,5 ?????????/? ?????, ? 25 ????????/?.
> VS> ??????????? DDR4 ???-?? ??? ????? c ????? ???????. ? ??? ?? ???????? ?? Xeon Scalable.
>
> VS> 4 ????? 2022, 19:44:33, ??? "Vladimir Sharun" <vladimir.sharun at ukr.net>:
> VS> ????????? ???????,
>
> VS> Netflix - ??? ??????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ?? ?????
> VS> ? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ????????????.
>
> VS> ?.?. ???, ??? ???? ????? ? ???????????? ? ?????? ?????? ???????.
>
> VS> ?? ????????, ??? ??? ??, ??? Netflix ???? ????????? ?????? ?
> VS> ????????? (FreeBSD ??? ??????? ? ?????????).
>
> VS> ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? 100G ?????? ? ?????? ???????
> VS> (????????????, ?.?. TLS), ????? ????? ?? 200G (? ???? ????????).
> VS> ??? ????????? ????????? ?????: ?????? ??????? ????? - ??? ????,
> VS> ????????? ??????? ????? - ??????, ??????????? - ??????. ? ??? ???
> VS> ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????.
>
> VS> ?????? ? ??????: ???? ?????? ??? ? ????????? ????????? ? ??????? ?????????????? ?????.
>
> VS> ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???????, ??????? ?????
> VS> ??????? VPN ?? ?????? ???, ????? ??????, ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????????.
>
> VS> 4 ????? 2022, 15:57:32, ??? "Alexander V Soroka" <alex at euro.net.ua>:
>
> VS> ?????? !
>
> VS> ???? ???????? ???????? ?????? ? ???, ??? ?? "??????? ? ??????" ?
> VS> ??????? ????? ??? ?????? :-) ? ?? ??? ??? - ???? ?????? ????? ?????
> VS> ?????? ? ?????? ??????.
>
> VS> ?????? ? ??? ?.
>
> VS> 1) ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??? (??? ?? ??????)
> VS> ????????? - ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??????????? "???????
> VS> ????????" ? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? "?????? ??? ??????? ????".
> VS> ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ???????? ??(??).
>
> VS> 2) ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????? "? ????? ? :-)". ?????? ?? ????? ??????...
> VS> ? ??? ???, ?? ???? ???? ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ? ??????? FPGA
> VS> ???????, ???? ?????????????, ?.?. ?????? ?? ?????????? ????-????????
> VS> ????? ? ??????????? FPGA , ? ????????? ??????? ??? ???, ????? ???????
> VS> ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ??????, ? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ??
> VS> ???????? ??????, ? ? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ??
> VS> ????????-??????????.
>
> VS> 3) ??????? ???????? ??? (??? ??? ?????? ? UANET ) ???????, ? ???, ???
> VS> ?? ?? ??????????? ?????? ????????????? :-) ??? ????? ???????
> VS> ????????(?????????????) ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????.
> VS> ? ??? ???, ?? ??????, ?????? ?? ?????????, ???????? ? ????????????
> VS> ???????????? ????????? ??????? - ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????????
> VS> ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????????
> VS> ???????. ? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ??? ??? "??????
> VS> ????????" ?????????.
> VS> ??????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ? ???-?? ??????????????
> VS> ???????, ???????? ?? ??????????, ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ????.
>
> VS> ??? ??? ? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ? ???? ????, ?
> VS> ??????? ??, ??? ????? ?????-?? "????????????? ??????" ? ??? ?????
> VS> ????????. ?.?. ????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ???????.
> VS> ?? ??? ???????????? ????? :-) ? ?? ??????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ?
> VS> ??????? ?????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? :-)
>
> VS> ??? ??? ? ????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ? "??????? ? ?????? ?????",
> VS> ? ????????? ??????????? ????????.
>
> VS> ???????? ?? ????????, ?? ?? ??????? (????) ??? ???????? ?????? ???...
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From maksym at tulyuk.com  Tue Jan 11 09:56:55 2022
From: maksym at tulyuk.com (Maksym Tulyuk)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 08:56:55 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <1641323930.493015000.kdsuba5l@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
 <1641323930.493015000.kdsuba5l@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
Message-ID: <a69a6638-1309-4e34-ae94-0d10b20bd218@Spark>

? 2019 ???? QFX ???? ???? ?????: 10??? ? 51?? - ?????? ? _????????_ ???????? ? ?????? ?? Juniper, ?????? - ? _????????_ ???????? ? ?????? ?? Broadcom. Juniper ?? ???????????? ???????????? 51xx ? ?????? ? ??????? ????????: ???????? TV ?????? ??? Spines in IP fabric. ???????????? ???? ????????? ?? ???????? :)

????? ???? 52xx, ?? ? ? ???? ?? ???????

??????
On 4 Jan 2022, 20:29 +0100, Vladimir Sharun <vladimir.sharun at ukr.net>, wrote:
	????????? ???????,

?????? security appliance'?? (PA, F5, Checkpoint, Fortigate) < $100k ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????. ????? ??? ?????????, ??? ???????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? FPGA ????? ???? ?????, ????????? ???????? ?? ? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ???????? ?????, ??????????.

Juniper'?????? ????? (QFX) - ????? ? ????? ?? FreeBSD ? control plane.

Netflix ??????? ?? ????? ? ????? ?? FreeBSD 200???? ? ???????.

?????? ???????? ?????? FPGA, ??????? ??? ?? ???????????? ????????????? ? ?????? ????????????? ?/??? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????? ? ?????????????? FPGA, ?? ? ????????????? ?????????.

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From doka at funlab.cc  Tue Jan 11 12:02:09 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 12:02:09 +0200
Subject: [uanog] MacOS OpenVPN client
Message-ID: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>

??????,

?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????

???????????? macos, ?????????????? ? ????? openvpn ?????? v3.

telnet dst 1194 ????????

???? ?? ?????????? tcpdump (????? ?? ???? ?????), openvpn ?????? ???? ?? 
?????? ??????? ??????? TCP SYN ??? ??????? ?????? connect

???? ??????????, ?? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? - ?? ?? 
????? - tcpdump ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????

? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? :-(

???? ?????

-- 
Volodymyr Litovka
   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
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From eduard at melnik.org.ua  Tue Jan 11 12:04:26 2022
From: eduard at melnik.org.ua (Eduard M)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 11:04:26 +0100
Subject: [uanog] MacOS OpenVPN client
In-Reply-To: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
References: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
Message-ID: <FE544A95-765B-4757-8874-F33931EDC558@melnik.org.ua>

??????

??? ???? ???????? ? ????

https://tunnelblick.net/

Sent from my iPhone

> On 11 Jan 2022, at 11:02, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc> wrote:
> 
> ?
> ??????,
> 
> ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????
> 
> ???????????? macos, ?????????????? ? ????? openvpn ?????? v3.
> 
> telnet dst 1194 ????????
> 
> ???? ?? ?????????? tcpdump (????? ?? ???? ?????), openvpn ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? TCP SYN ??? ??????? ?????? connect
> 
> ???? ??????????, ?? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? - ?? ?? ????? - tcpdump ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
> 
> ? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? :-(
> 
> ???? ?????
> 
> -- 
> Volodymyr Litovka
>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
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From sm at netartgroup.com  Tue Jan 11 12:05:10 2022
From: sm at netartgroup.com (Sergej Masojedov)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 11:05:10 +0100
Subject: [uanog] MacOS OpenVPN client
In-Reply-To: <FE544A95-765B-4757-8874-F33931EDC558@melnik.org.ua>
References: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
 <FE544A95-765B-4757-8874-F33931EDC558@melnik.org.ua>
Message-ID: <BEE8FB38-9B1B-4C65-96B6-FDB563241765@netartgroup.com>


? ? ????.


--
S.


> On 11 Jan 2022, at 11:04, Eduard M <eduard at melnik.org.ua> wrote:
> 
> ??????
> 
> ??? ???? ???????? ? ????
> 
> https://tunnelblick.net/
> 
> Sent from my iPhone
> 
>> On 11 Jan 2022, at 11:02, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc> wrote:
>> 
>> ?
>> ??????,
>> 
>> ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????
>> 
>> ???????????? macos, ?????????????? ? ????? openvpn ?????? v3.
>> 
>> telnet dst 1194 ????????
>> 
>> ???? ?? ?????????? tcpdump (????? ?? ???? ?????), openvpn ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? TCP SYN ??? ??????? ?????? connect
>> 
>> ???? ??????????, ?? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? - ?? ?? ????? - tcpdump ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
>> 
>> ? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? :-(
>> 
>> ???? ?????
>> 
>> -- 
>> Volodymyr Litovka
>>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog


From doka at funlab.cc  Tue Jan 11 13:09:04 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 13:09:04 +0200
Subject: [uanog] MacOS OpenVPN client
In-Reply-To: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
References: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
Message-ID: <c901fcd8-463f-6a72-f553-f30bca998950@funlab.cc>

??????? ????, ?????????? ??????? ?????????.

??? ???? ????? ? ?????? ??-?? ??????? ???????, ???????? ????? ???????? :-\

On 11.01.2022 12:02, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>
> ??????,
>
> ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????
>
> ???????????? macos, ?????????????? ? ????? openvpn ?????? v3.
>
> telnet dst 1194 ????????
>
> ???? ?? ?????????? tcpdump (????? ?? ???? ?????), openvpn ?????? ???? 
> ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? TCP SYN ??? ??????? ?????? connect
>
> ???? ??????????, ?? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? - ?? 
> ?? ????? - tcpdump ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
>
> ? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? :-(
>
> ???? ?????
>
> -- 
> Volodymyr Litovka
>    "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison

-- 
Volodymyr Litovka
   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
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From tasic at academ.kiev.ua  Tue Jan 11 13:14:37 2022
From: tasic at academ.kiev.ua (Taras Heichenko)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 13:14:37 +0200
Subject: [uanog] MacOS OpenVPN client
In-Reply-To: <c901fcd8-463f-6a72-f553-f30bca998950@funlab.cc>
References: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
 <c901fcd8-463f-6a72-f553-f30bca998950@funlab.cc>
Message-ID: <4F5E4A8B-47DC-45D8-B08E-FE99EC427ACC@academ.kiev.ua>



> On 11 Jan 2022, at 13:09, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc> wrote:
> 
> ??????? ????, ?????????? ??????? ?????????.
> 
> ??? ???? ????? ? ?????? ??-?? ??????? ???????, ???????? ????? ???????? :-\

? ??? ?? ??????? ????????????? OpenVPN Connect ??? ???? ? tunnelblick'?? ???????????, ??????? ??????, ?? ? ????
??????????? ????????????? ?????? ????????? OpenVPN Connect. ????????? ? ???? ? ???? ?? ?????????, ??????? ?????????,
??? ??? ????, ??? ???-?? ???????

> 
> On 11.01.2022 12:02, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>> ??????,
>> 
>> ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????
>> 
>> ???????????? macos, ?????????????? ? ????? openvpn ?????? v3.
>> 
>> telnet dst 1194 ????????
>> 
>> ???? ?? ?????????? tcpdump (????? ?? ???? ?????), openvpn ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? TCP SYN ??? ??????? ?????? connect
>> 
>> ???? ??????????, ?? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? - ?? ?? ????? - tcpdump ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
>> 
>> ? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? :-(
>> 
>> ???? ?????
>> 
>> -- 
>> Volodymyr Litovka
>>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>> 
> -- 
> Volodymyr Litovka
>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
> 
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog

--
Taras Heichenko
tasic at academ.kiev.ua






From basil at vpm.net.ua  Tue Jan 11 13:16:21 2022
From: basil at vpm.net.ua (VASYL MELNYK)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 13:16:21 +0200
Subject: [uanog] MacOS OpenVPN client
In-Reply-To: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
References: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
Message-ID: <CAMPJU7DFKdAk6VFt08DhZ2i6ACraPXPpy9m0NgLKxqNVPd0KkQ@mail.gmail.com>

?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? - ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ? ?? ???
?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????, ? ??? ????????? ???? ????????? ??????

https://openvpn.net/community-downloads/

??, 11 ???. 2022 ?. ? 12:02, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc>:

> ??????,
>
> ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????
>
> ???????????? macos, ?????????????? ? ????? openvpn ?????? v3.
>
> telnet dst 1194 ????????
>
> ???? ?? ?????????? tcpdump (????? ?? ???? ?????), openvpn ?????? ???? ??
> ?????? ??????? ??????? TCP SYN ??? ??????? ?????? connect
>
> ???? ??????????, ?? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? - ?? ??
> ????? - tcpdump ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
>
> ? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? :-(
>
> ???? ?????
>
> --
> Volodymyr Litovka
>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
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From doka at funlab.cc  Tue Jan 11 13:53:24 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Tue, 11 Jan 2022 13:53:24 +0200
Subject: [uanog] MacOS OpenVPN client
In-Reply-To: <CAMPJU7DFKdAk6VFt08DhZ2i6ACraPXPpy9m0NgLKxqNVPd0KkQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
 <CAMPJU7DFKdAk6VFt08DhZ2i6ACraPXPpy9m0NgLKxqNVPd0KkQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <f320d1bd-3140-11b3-4c9b-4d07b73b05ee@funlab.cc>

?? ?? ? ?????-????! ?? ??, ? ?????? ????? ?????????: ??????? ??????? -> 
VPN Client -> OpenVPN Connect

????????! :-E

On 11.01.2022 13:16, VASYL MELNYK wrote:
> ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? - ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ? ?? 
> ??? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ???????, ? ??? ????????? ???? ????????? 
> ??????
>
> https://openvpn.net/community-downloads/
>
> ??, 11 ???. 2022 ?. ? 12:02, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc>:
>
>     ??????,
>
>     ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????
>
>     ???????????? macos, ?????????????? ? ????? openvpn ?????? v3.
>
>     telnet dst 1194 ????????
>
>     ???? ?? ?????????? tcpdump (????? ?? ???? ?????), openvpn ??????
>     ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? TCP SYN ??? ??????? ?????? connect
>
>     ???? ??????????, ?? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? -
>     ?? ?? ????? - tcpdump ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
>
>     ? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? :-(
>
>     ???? ?????
>
>     -- 
>     Volodymyr Litovka
>        "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>
>     _______________________________________________
>     uanog mailing list
>     uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>     https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
-- 
Volodymyr Litovka
   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
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From rad at rad.kiev.ua  Wed Jan 12 11:31:08 2022
From: rad at rad.kiev.ua (Oleksii Radetskyi)
Date: Wed, 12 Jan 2022 11:31:08 +0200
Subject: [uanog] MacOS OpenVPN client
In-Reply-To: <f320d1bd-3140-11b3-4c9b-4d07b73b05ee@funlab.cc>
References: <523d4c55-a67e-8cf1-5ea5-3310229ff169@funlab.cc>
 <CAMPJU7DFKdAk6VFt08DhZ2i6ACraPXPpy9m0NgLKxqNVPd0KkQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <f320d1bd-3140-11b3-4c9b-4d07b73b05ee@funlab.cc>
Message-ID: <CAAStqe6DH51kJH4Xx5tRfAfsQEZEniOzub556zGOpb7V3Vm+eg@mail.gmail.com>

??????!

??? ??????:
$ brew install openvpn
$ cd ~/openvpn
$ sudo kextload ./tuntap/tap-notarized.kext
$ sudo openvpn --config myopenvpn.conf

? ??? UI. Tunnelblick ? ???? ????????? ??????. ?????? UI ?????. ???????.
??????? ?????? ???????.



On Tue, Jan 11, 2022 at 1:53 PM Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc> wrote:

> ?? ?? ? ?????-????! ?? ??, ? ?????? ????? ?????????: ??????? ??????? ->
> VPN Client -> OpenVPN Connect
>
> ????????! :-E
> On 11.01.2022 13:16, VASYL MELNYK wrote:
>
> ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? - ?? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ??????? ? ?? ???
> ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ???????, ? ??? ????????? ???? ????????? ??????
>
> https://openvpn.net/community-downloads/
>
> ??, 11 ???. 2022 ?. ? 12:02, Volodymyr Litovka <doka at funlab.cc>:
>
>> ??????,
>>
>> ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????
>>
>> ???????????? macos, ?????????????? ? ????? openvpn ?????? v3.
>>
>> telnet dst 1194 ????????
>>
>> ???? ?? ?????????? tcpdump (????? ?? ???? ?????), openvpn ?????? ???? ??
>> ?????? ??????? ??????? TCP SYN ??? ??????? ?????? connect
>>
>> ???? ??????????, ?? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? - ?? ??
>> ????? - tcpdump ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
>>
>> ? ?? ????, ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? :-(
>>
>> ???? ?????
>>
>> --
>> Volodymyr Litovka
>>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>
> --
> Volodymyr Litovka
>   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
>
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
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From doka at funlab.cc  Tue Jan 18 13:31:01 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Tue, 18 Jan 2022 13:31:01 +0200
Subject: [uanog] A summary of High Speed Ethernet ASICs
Message-ID: <c4eb43d2-3e1a-1d75-fb41-4e7c7a77f436@funlab.cc>

Hi,

?????? ????????? - 
https://elegantnetwork.github.io/posts/A-Summary-of-Network-ASICs/


-- 
Volodymyr Litovka
   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
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From maxtul at netassist.kiev.ua  Fri Jan 21 17:04:34 2022
From: maxtul at netassist.kiev.ua (Max Tulyev)
Date: Fri, 21 Jan 2022 17:04:34 +0200
Subject: [uanog] Multipoint VPN
Message-ID: <a0133ba9-efbf-d806-1295-519546a57164@netassist.kiev.ua>

?????? ????!

?????????? ???? ??? multipoint VPN, ???? - ??????? ????? ???? 
"??????????? ???????" ?????? ?????????.

?????, ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? Linux, ? ??????????? ???????? ??????? 
? ???????? ??? ???????????, ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? 
?????????, ? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????.

? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? IP ?????. ????? ???????? ? ??????? ?? 
????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ?????? ?????? 
???????? ????, ???? ????.

?????????? ??????????, ?? ?? ???????????.

???? ?? ????????

From violent at death.kiev.ua  Fri Jan 21 18:02:25 2022
From: violent at death.kiev.ua (Igor Grabin)
Date: Fri, 21 Jan 2022 18:02:25 +0200
Subject: [uanog] Multipoint VPN
In-Reply-To: <a0133ba9-efbf-d806-1295-519546a57164@netassist.kiev.ua>
References: <a0133ba9-efbf-d806-1295-519546a57164@netassist.kiev.ua>
Message-ID: <20220121160225.GK30278@death.kiev.ua>

On Fri, Jan 21, 2022 at 05:04:34PM +0200, Max Tulyev wrote:
> ?????????? ???? ??? multipoint VPN, ???? - ??????? ????? ???? "???????????
> ???????" ?????? ?????????.
> ?????, ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? Linux, ? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?
> ???????? ??? ???????????, ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????
> ?????????, ? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????.
> ? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? IP ?????. ????? ???????? ? ??????? ?? ?????
> ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????,
> ???? ????.
> ?????????? ??????????, ?? ?? ???????????.
> ???? ?? ????????
??????? vxlan.

mbr,
-- 
Igor "CacoDem0n" Grabin

From obezpalko at gmail.com  Sat Jan 22 03:03:01 2022
From: obezpalko at gmail.com (Oleksandr Bezpalko)
Date: Sat, 22 Jan 2022 03:03:01 +0200
Subject: [uanog] Multipoint VPN
In-Reply-To: <a0133ba9-efbf-d806-1295-519546a57164@netassist.kiev.ua>
References: <a0133ba9-efbf-d806-1295-519546a57164@netassist.kiev.ua>
Message-ID: <CANDjQMsDfuv37a+upv1O0=Py=FwLB_LVhgy+u9wtzCvbUXEm5Q@mail.gmail.com>

Hi

On Fri, 21 Jan 2022, 17:04 Max Tulyev, <maxtul at netassist.kiev.ua> wrote:

> ?????? ????!
>
> ?????????? ???? ??? multipoint VPN, ???? - ??????? ????? ????
> "??????????? ???????" ?????? ?????????.
>
> ?????, ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? Linux, ? ??????????? ???????? ???????
> ? ???????? ??? ???????????, ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????
> ?????????, ? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????.
>
> ? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? IP ?????. ????? ???????? ? ??????? ??
> ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ?????? ??????
> ???????? ????, ???? ????.
>
> ?????????? ??????????, ?? ?? ???????????.
>
> ???? ?? ????????
>

Wireguard?
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From sia at uanog.sink.nest.org  Sat Jan 22 10:45:14 2022
From: sia at uanog.sink.nest.org (Igor Sviridov)
Date: Sat, 22 Jan 2022 00:45:14 -0800
Subject: [uanog] Multipoint VPN
In-Reply-To: <a0133ba9-efbf-d806-1295-519546a57164@netassist.kiev.ua>
References: <a0133ba9-efbf-d806-1295-519546a57164@netassist.kiev.ua>
Message-ID: <20220122084514.GA35704@rabbit.smph.nest.org>

hi,
On Fri, Jan 21, 2022 at 05:04:34PM +0200, Max Tulyev wrote:
> 
> ?????????? ???? ??? multipoint VPN, ???? - ??????? ????? ???? 
> "??????????? ???????" ?????? ?????????.
 
????? ?? ????? - ????????? L2 ??? L3. L2 ?????? ????????? :)

> ?????, ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? Linux, ? ??????????? ???????? ??????? 
> ? ???????? ??? ???????????, ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? 
> ?????????, ? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????.
> 
> ? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? IP ?????. ????? ???????? ? ??????? ?? 
> ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ?????? ?????? 
> ???????? ????, ???? ????.
> 
> ?????????? ??????????, ?? ?? ???????????.
 
???? ????? overlay network; ??? ????? ???????? zero trust  / BeyondCorp; ????????? ??? ???????? SD-WAN :)
??????? ????, ???????? ?? ??????.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BeyondCorp
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SD-WAN

// ???????????? ????? ?????????? Zero Trust - ??? ?????? HTTPS+SSO proxy, ???? Cloudflare Access, Ory Oathkeeper ???
// https://github.com/cogolabs/beyond
// ??? ???????? ?? ?? - ???? ?????? ??? ?? IP ????? (???? ?????? ?? L2).

??????????

Velocloud aka VMware SD-WAN - ?????? ? ???????? ???????????? ???????.
https://www.vmware.com/products/sd-wan.html

Aviatrix (? ???????? ????? ?? cloud, on-premise ?????? stubs, ?? ??????? ???? ??????)
https://aviatrix.com/

ZeroTier - L2 - ?????? ??????.
https://www.zerotier.com/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZeroTier
https://github.com/zerotier/ZeroTierOne

Pritunl
https://pritunl.com/
https://github.com/pritunl/pritunl

Hamachi (LogMeIn)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LogMeIn_Hamachi
https://vpn.net/linux

Tailscale (?????? ??? ??????, ?? ? ???????? ??? ??????????????/???????????; ?????? wireguard; L3, ?????? ? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ????????(!) ?????????? NAT).
????? ????????? overlay ???? ????? ?? 5; ?? ? ????????? ????????? ?????
https://tailscale.com/blog/how-tailscale-works/
https://tailscale.com/
https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/wiki/Hosts
https://pkgs.tailscale.com/unstable/
???? ???? ??? ???????, ???? open source tailscale coordinations/authentication ??????, ??? ??? ????? ????????? self-host:
https://github.com/juanfont/headscale

Netmaker - ????????? Tailscale (???? glorious Wireguard automation :-)
https://netmaker.org/
https://github.com/gravitl/netmaker

??????, ????????? ??? ????? ? ??????? ? SoftEther - ?? ??? ??? L2; ??? ???? ???????, ?? ?????? ???????:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SoftEther_VPN
https://www.softether.org/

> ???? ?? ????????

? ??????????? ? ?????????? Tailscale ? ZeroTier.
SoftEther ???? ???????????, ?? ?? ????????.

> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list

--igor

From doka at funlab.cc  Sat Jan 22 12:03:07 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Sat, 22 Jan 2022 12:03:07 +0200
Subject: [uanog] Multipoint VPN
In-Reply-To: <20220122084514.GA35704@rabbit.smph.nest.org>
References: <20220122084514.GA35704@rabbit.smph.nest.org>
Message-ID: <B62F9ABD-FBF1-460B-B6C9-DAE93548115F@funlab.cc>

Nebula VPN

Sent from my iPhone

> On 22 Jan 2022, at 10:45, Igor Sviridov <sia at uanog.sink.nest.org> wrote:
> 
> ?hi,
>> On Fri, Jan 21, 2022 at 05:04:34PM +0200, Max Tulyev wrote:
>> 
>> ?????????? ???? ??? multipoint VPN, ???? - ??????? ????? ???? 
>> "??????????? ???????" ?????? ?????????.
> 
> ????? ?? ????? - ????????? L2 ??? L3. L2 ?????? ????????? :)
> 
>> ?????, ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? Linux, ? ??????????? ???????? ??????? 
>> ? ???????? ??? ???????????, ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? 
>> ?????????, ? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????.
>> 
>> ? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? IP ?????. ????? ???????? ? ??????? ?? 
>> ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ?????? ?????? 
>> ???????? ????, ???? ????.
>> 
>> ?????????? ??????????, ?? ?? ???????????.
> 
> ???? ????? overlay network; ??? ????? ???????? zero trust  / BeyondCorp; ????????? ??? ???????? SD-WAN :)
> ??????? ????, ???????? ?? ??????.
> 
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BeyondCorp
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SD-WAN
> 
> // ???????????? ????? ?????????? Zero Trust - ??? ?????? HTTPS+SSO proxy, ???? Cloudflare Access, Ory Oathkeeper ???
> // https://github.com/cogolabs/beyond
> // ??? ???????? ?? ?? - ???? ?????? ??? ?? IP ????? (???? ?????? ?? L2).
> 
> ??????????
> 
> Velocloud aka VMware SD-WAN - ?????? ? ???????? ???????????? ???????.
> https://www.vmware.com/products/sd-wan.html
> 
> Aviatrix (? ???????? ????? ?? cloud, on-premise ?????? stubs, ?? ??????? ???? ??????)
> https://aviatrix.com/
> 
> ZeroTier - L2 - ?????? ??????.
> https://www.zerotier.com/
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZeroTier
> https://github.com/zerotier/ZeroTierOne
> 
> Pritunl
> https://pritunl.com/
> https://github.com/pritunl/pritunl
> 
> Hamachi (LogMeIn)
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LogMeIn_Hamachi
> https://vpn.net/linux
> 
> Tailscale (?????? ??? ??????, ?? ? ???????? ??? ??????????????/???????????; ?????? wireguard; L3, ?????? ? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ????????(!) ?????????? NAT).
> ????? ????????? overlay ???? ????? ?? 5; ?? ? ????????? ????????? ?????
> https://tailscale.com/blog/how-tailscale-works/
> https://tailscale.com/
> https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/wiki/Hosts
> https://pkgs.tailscale.com/unstable/
> ???? ???? ??? ???????, ???? open source tailscale coordinations/authentication ??????, ??? ??? ????? ????????? self-host:
> https://github.com/juanfont/headscale
> 
> Netmaker - ????????? Tailscale (???? glorious Wireguard automation :-)
> https://netmaker.org/
> https://github.com/gravitl/netmaker
> 
> ??????, ????????? ??? ????? ? ??????? ? SoftEther - ?? ??? ??? L2; ??? ???? ???????, ?? ?????? ???????:
> https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SoftEther_VPN
> https://www.softether.org/
> 
>> ???? ?? ????????
> 
> ? ??????????? ? ?????????? Tailscale ? ZeroTier.
> SoftEther ???? ???????????, ?? ?? ????????.
> 
>> _______________________________________________
>> uanog mailing list
> 
> --igor
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog

From yz at yz.kiev.ua  Sat Jan 22 14:18:13 2022
From: yz at yz.kiev.ua (George L. Yermulnik)
Date: Sat, 22 Jan 2022 14:18:13 +0200
Subject: [uanog] Multipoint VPN
In-Reply-To: <20220122084514.GA35704@rabbit.smph.nest.org>
References: <a0133ba9-efbf-d806-1295-519546a57164@netassist.kiev.ua>
 <20220122084514.GA35704@rabbit.smph.nest.org>
Message-ID: <20220122121813.GC91609@yz.kiev.ua>

Hello!

On Sat, 22 Jan 2022 at 00:45:14 (-0800), Igor Sviridov wrote:

> > ???? ?? ????????

> ? ??????????? ? ?????????? Tailscale ? ZeroTier.
> SoftEther ???? ???????????, ?? ?? ????????.

? ?????????? ? ?????? ??????: https://github.com/ntop/n2n/

-- 
George L. Yermulnik
[YZ-RIPE]

From doka at funlab.cc  Mon Jan 24 23:10:19 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Mon, 24 Jan 2022 23:10:19 +0200
Subject: [uanog] RouterOS v7 VPS
Message-ID: <22661013-fc61-13bf-f3db-4510aa6eaaf6@funlab.cc>

??????,

? ??? ????, ?? ??? ????? ?????????? VPS ? ?????? RouterOS?

?????!

-- 
Volodymyr Litovka
   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
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From sia at uanog.sink.nest.org  Tue Jan 25 04:11:12 2022
From: sia at uanog.sink.nest.org (Igor Sviridov)
Date: Mon, 24 Jan 2022 18:11:12 -0800
Subject: [uanog] RouterOS v7 VPS
In-Reply-To: <22661013-fc61-13bf-f3db-4510aa6eaaf6@funlab.cc>
References: <22661013-fc61-13bf-f3db-4510aa6eaaf6@funlab.cc>
Message-ID: <20220125021112.GB35704@rabbit.smph.nest.org>

hi,
On Mon, Jan 24, 2022 at 11:10:19PM +0200, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
 
> ??????,
> 
> ? ??? ????, ?? ??? ????? ?????????? VPS ? ?????? RouterOS?
 
????? ?? Vultr ???????? ???????? ?????????.
https://computersnstuffwaco.com/install-mikrotik-routeros-on-a-vultr-vps

Digital Ocean ????????? images ? ?????? ????????, ?????? ???????????????:
https://docs.digitalocean.com/products/images/custom-images/
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-digitalocean-droplet-from-an-ubuntu-iso-format-image

???? ?????? ? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????:
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/installing-mikrotik-routeros

> ?????!
> 
> -- 
> Volodymyr Litovka

--igor

From doka at funlab.cc  Tue Jan 25 08:23:04 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Tue, 25 Jan 2022 08:23:04 +0200
Subject: [uanog] RouterOS v7 VPS
In-Reply-To: <20220125021112.GB35704@rabbit.smph.nest.org>
References: <22661013-fc61-13bf-f3db-4510aa6eaaf6@funlab.cc>
 <20220125021112.GB35704@rabbit.smph.nest.org>
Message-ID: <08ca2d82-47a3-74a9-7689-4c5f4c9fdaa1@funlab.cc>

??????,

??, ??? ????? ?? ???????? p1 ???????? ?? $30, ? ???? ??????? 
?????????????? ?? ??????????? ????-??????? ???????? ? ????? :)

On 25.01.2022 04:11, Igor Sviridov wrote:
> hi,
> On Mon, Jan 24, 2022 at 11:10:19PM +0200, Volodymyr Litovka wrote:
>   
>> ??????,
>>
>> ? ??? ????, ?? ??? ????? ?????????? VPS ? ?????? RouterOS?
>   
> ????? ?? Vultr ???????? ???????? ?????????.
> https://computersnstuffwaco.com/install-mikrotik-routeros-on-a-vultr-vps
>
> Digital Ocean ????????? images ? ?????? ????????, ?????? ???????????????:
> https://docs.digitalocean.com/products/images/custom-images/
> https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-create-a-digitalocean-droplet-from-an-ubuntu-iso-format-image
>
> ???? ?????? ? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????:
> https://www.digitalocean.com/community/questions/installing-mikrotik-routeros
>
>> ?????!
>>
>> -- 
>> Volodymyr Litovka
> --igor

-- 
Volodymyr Litovka
   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
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From edigarov at qarea.com  Tue Jan 25 15:36:34 2022
From: edigarov at qarea.com (Gregory Edigarov)
Date: Tue, 25 Jan 2022 15:36:34 +0200
Subject: [uanog] mikrotik Q
Message-ID: <20220125153634.63858dd8@lbld12.duckdns.org>

?????? ????.

????? ???????? ???????????? ? ???? ikev2 vpn ???????, ? ??????, ???????
????????? ????????? ??? AD.
???????? ?? ????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????,
???????? Framed-Route attribute. AD ? radius ??? ???, ??? ????? -
??????, ???????? ?????? ? ???????. 

???????? ?? ?????? ?????, ??? ? ??????? ????????? ?????

--
With best regards,
     Gregory Edigarov

From edigarov at qarea.com  Tue Jan 25 15:50:09 2022
From: edigarov at qarea.com (Gregory Edigarov)
Date: Tue, 25 Jan 2022 15:50:09 +0200
Subject: [uanog] mikrotik Q
In-Reply-To: <20220125153634.63858dd8@lbld12.duckdns.org>
References: <20220125153634.63858dd8@lbld12.duckdns.org>
Message-ID: <20220125155009.14b9bf18@lbld12.duckdns.org>

On Tue, 25 Jan 2022 15:36:34 +0200
Gregory Edigarov <edigarov at qarea.com> wrote:

> ?????? ????.
> 
> ????? ???????? ???????????? ? ???? ikev2 vpn ???????, ? ??????,
> ??????? ????????? ????????? ??? AD.
> ???????? ?? ????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????,
> ???????? Framed-Route attribute. AD ? radius ??? ???, ??? ????? -

Framed-Route - routes to add on the server. Format is specified in RFC
2865 (Ch. 5.22), can be specified as many times as needed

?? Framed-route, ???????, ??? ???  ?? ??, ?? ???-????? - ????? ???-??
?????????????? ??????.

> ??????, ???????? ?????? ? ???????. 
> 
> ???????? ?? ?????? ?????, ??? ? ??????? ????????? ?????
> 
> --
> With best regards,
>      Gregory Edigarov
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog

From doka at funlab.cc  Tue Jan 25 15:54:12 2022
From: doka at funlab.cc (Volodymyr Litovka)
Date: Tue, 25 Jan 2022 15:54:12 +0200
Subject: [uanog] mikrotik Q
In-Reply-To: <20220125153634.63858dd8@lbld12.duckdns.org>
References: <20220125153634.63858dd8@lbld12.duckdns.org>
Message-ID: <7e9b09fa-8d4d-8423-2abd-ff1c044f6a11@funlab.cc>

?? ????? ????, ? ???????, ??? ? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???-?? ???????? :)

? ?????? routed VPN ??? ???-?? ????????, ?? ?? ?? ? ?????????? ?? 
????????, ?? ?? ? ?????????? OSX ?????, ?? ???

local_ts = x.x.x.0/24

? ???????? ? ???? subnet = x.x.y.0/24

? ?????????? ?? OSX ?????????? ??? ???????? - x.x.x.0/24, x.x.y.0/24 ? 
0.0.0.0/0 :-\

? ?????? policy VPN ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????????????, ??, ????????, 
????? ????? ??? ??? ? ????.

On 25.01.2022 15:36, Gregory Edigarov wrote:
> ?????? ????.
>
> ????? ???????? ???????????? ? ???? ikev2 vpn ???????, ? ??????, ???????
> ????????? ????????? ??? AD.
> ???????? ?? ????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????,
> ???????? Framed-Route attribute. AD ? radius ??? ???, ??? ????? -
> ??????, ???????? ?????? ? ???????.
>
> ???????? ?? ?????? ?????, ??? ? ??????? ????????? ?????
>
> --
> With best regards,
>       Gregory Edigarov
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog

-- 
Volodymyr Litovka
   "Vision without Execution is Hallucination." -- Thomas Edison
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From tom at vn.ua  Thu Jan 27 12:44:25 2022
From: tom at vn.ua (tom at vn.ua)
Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 12:44:25 +0200
Subject: [uanog] Sattelite connectivity
Message-ID: <11ca01d8136a$dac738a0$9055a9e0$@vn.ua>

?????? ????,

 

? ?? ????? ???-?? ??????????, ?????????? ?? ? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????????? / IP ???????, ??????? ?????? ???????? ? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ? ????? ? ??????-???? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ??????????????

 

? ?????????,

--??.

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From maxtul at netassist.kiev.ua  Thu Jan 27 17:36:47 2022
From: maxtul at netassist.kiev.ua (Max Tulyev)
Date: Thu, 27 Jan 2022 17:36:47 +0200
Subject: [uanog] Sattelite connectivity
In-Reply-To: <11ca01d8136a$dac738a0$9055a9e0$@vn.ua>
References: <11ca01d8136a$dac738a0$9055a9e0$@vn.ua>
Message-ID: <fb5fd40a-7452-9045-800a-2b4710be377c@netassist.kiev.ua>

?????? ????!

???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ???? - ?? ebay.com.

???? ? ?????, ???????? ? ? ??? - ?? sattrans.ua (?? ???????, ??? 
????????? ?????? ???-??? ??? ? ????? ???????).

27.01.22 12:44, tom at vn.ua ????:
> ?????? ????,
> 
> ? ?? ????? ???-?? ??????????, ?????????? ?? ? ??????? ????? ?????????? 
> ??????????? ??????????? ???????????? / IP???????, ??????? ?????? 
> ???????? ? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? 
> ??????????? ???????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ? ????? ? ??????-???? 
> ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ??????????????
> 
> ? ?????????,
> 
> --??.
> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> uanog mailing list
> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog

From i at levsha.org.ua  Sun Jan 30 00:31:08 2022
From: i at levsha.org.ua (i at levsha.org.ua)
Date: Sat, 29 Jan 2022 23:31:08 +0100
Subject: [uanog] switch's port buffers
In-Reply-To: <10810029792.20220105190137@euro.net.ua>
References: <c86569cc-7f5b-4826-643c-6c44c5519da1@funlab.cc>
 <a93a6d1b-0216-a8f4-2a72-0279547c764a@funlab.cc>
 <44e95a0e-d070-4f9a-9e7d-43152cf2522c@Spark>
 <CAEiDOA7N6EWXuMkz_DYDvNcA4EK2tasznuxJcSJPX7bSNvX9gQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <893537174.20220104140855@euro.net.ua>
 <CAEiDOA6ZEfPaQ-9MqeR6hegZNG9K+ZZA_Urzhhwas619QvqWgg@mail.gmail.com>
 <36749405-d494-e91e-bd0e-25290270160f@funlab.cc>
 <87546108.20220104155724@euro.net.ua>
 <1641317955.892799000.6316qgwl@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <1641319030.693164000.2ukn2ylr@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <884535224.20220104211544@euro.net.ua>
 <5113D416-B4F7-4E6E-BD52-FE0D23EEEE8A@gmail.com>
 <1641370891.304124000.59l2p3vm@frv53.fwdcdn.com>
 <CAEiDOA4-GCo4fefC2vopLR+omiHiNqRBTm_ExA2nKy648w2Nkw@mail.gmail.com>
 <10810029792.20220105190137@euro.net.ua>
Message-ID: <FDD84767-D9FC-4788-B5EF-1468402753AF@levsha.org.ua>

???????? ??? ???????? ???: ????? ????? ??????, ???????? ??????, ? ?????? ?? ???? ??????????? ?????.
https://xakep.ru/2018/11/15/fpga/

> On 5 Jan 2022, at 18:01, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
> 
> ?????? !
> 
> ?  ???,  ?  ????  ?????? ????????, ??????, ???????????? ??? ??????????
> ???????  ???  embedded  ?????????????????  ??  ??????  ?????? ?????? ?
> ?????????,   ?   ????????   ????   ????????????  ???  ?????????????  ?
> ????????????? ????? ? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? :-)
> 
> ???????  ?  ?????? ??????????, ????? ??? ?????? ??????????? " ? ????"
> :) "??? ??????????? ?????????", ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????
> "??????????"  ??  ????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ? ?????, ???
> "?? ??? ??????? FreeBSD ??? ???????? ? ??? ??????????". :-)
> 
> ????,
> ?  ???????  FPGA  ????? ????????????? ???????? ??????????, ???? ? ????
> ????  ?  ????????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ????? ? ?????? ???????????? ??
> ????   ??????????.   ????   ?   ??????????   ????????.
> ????? ????????:  ?????? ?????????????,  ?  ?? ???????????????, ?????? ???
> ?? ?????? ?????????? ??????????   ????????  ?????,  ???????????  ????????????
> ????????  ?? ?????????? ??????, ? ?? ????????? ??? ??????????.
> 
> ????????  ???  ????????  ???.  ????  ???????  ???????? ????? ? ???????
> ???????????,  ???????  ??????????  ? ????????????? ?? ????? ??????????
> FPGA. ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ? ???????????, ????????:
> High-Performance Network Accelerator
> https://www.alpha-data.com/product/adm-pcie-9v3/
> https://www.alpha-data.com/product/adm-pcie-9h3/
> ( ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????????? )
> 
> High Performance Data Processing
> https://www.alpha-data.com/product/adm-pcie-9v7/
> ( ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????????? )
> 
> ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ???????? (????? ??????):
> https://www.xilinx.com/products/boards-and-kits.html
> 
> ????  ??  ??  ?????????????? FPGA, ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??????
> ??? ????????? ?????? ? ???????????, ? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????.
> ?  ??????????  ??????????????  ????? ??????? "????????", ??????? ?????
> ???????? ? FPGA ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????. ????????, ??? ?????
> ???????   ??????????   100G   Ethernet,   ???????  ?????  ?????????  ?
> ???????????? ??????? ??????.
> 
> ??????  ???????????  FPGA  ?  ???????????  ??????????????. ??????? ???
> ?????  ??????????  100G  Ethernet,  ?  ??????  ??? ?? ????? ????? ????
> ????????????   ???  ??????????  ???????????  ???????  ???????????  25G
> Ethernet.
> 
> ??????????  FPGA  ?  ???  ??  ????,  ?? ?? ???????? ?????????? ASIC, ?
> ?????????  ??  ?????  ?? ????????????, ?? ??????? ?????????? ????????,
> ????????,  ??????????????  ?  ??????  ??????????  ???????? ??? ???????
> ????.  ????????  ???????  ??????????  ????  ????????????,  ??????.
> ?? ????????????  ?????????? FPGA ?????????  ?????  ???????, ??? ?????
> ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????: ?? ????????
> CLB ? ??????????????? ?????????? ?????.
> 
> ??????????  CLB  ?  ???????????  ??????????  FPGA ????? ???? ??????.
> ? Xilinx ???? ????????? ? ??????????? CLB ? ???????? ???????? ?? ???????
> ????? ?? ???? ?????????.
> 
> ??????  CLB,  ??????  FPGA  ????  ???  ??? ?????????? ????????.
> ????????, ??????????  ?????  ?????????  ?  ??????????? ??? ????? DSP.
> ??????  ??  ???  ?????  ?????? ???????? ????????? ? ???????? 18-??????
> ?????  ??????  ????.  ? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? DSP ?????
> ????????? 6000.
> 
> ??????  ?????? ? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? (Block RAM, BRAM).
> ??????  ????  ?????  ???????  2 ?????.  ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?
> ???????????  ?? ????????? ????? ????????? ?? 20 ????? ?? 20 ?????.
> ???  ?  CLB,  BRAM  ?  DSP-?????  ???????  ??????????????  ????????  ?
> ???????????  ????  ????????.  ????????  ?????  CLB,  DSP ? BRAM, ?????
> ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??????.
> 
> ??????  ?????????  FPGA  ?????????  ????????????? ?????????? ????? ???
> ????????????????   ?  ????????????  ?????????  ??????  ?  ????????????
> ???????? ????????.
> 
> ??? ????????????? ?????????? CPU, GPU, FPGA ? ASIC?
> CPU  ???????????,  ??  ??? ????? ????????? ????? ????????, ?? ????????
> ?????,  ?  ???????????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ????????? ??????????
> ?????? ???????????????? ? ???? ??????????.
> 
> ???   ????   ??-??   ???????????????  ?  ?????????????????  ??????????
> ??????????    CPU    ?????????    ??????????????????    ?   ??????????
> ????????????????? ?????. ?????????? ??? ??????, ??? ?? ?????? ????????
> ??????????????  ????????  CPU ????????? ????? ?????????????? ????????,
> ?????????  ?  ???????  ?????????? ?? ??????, ???????????? ?????? ?????
> ?????????? ? ????? ??????? ??????, ? ?????? ????????????.
> 
> ???????,  ???  ?  ????????????,  ??  ??  ??????  ???????????  ????????
> ????????  ?????  ??????????  ?  ??????????  "??????"  ? ??????????????
> ????????????  ??????????.  ???,  ????????,  ?  ?????  ?? ?????? ??????
> ??????  "???????  ???????"  (?  ??????  ???????)  ? ???? ??? ?????????
> "?????? ???????" ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????????, ? ?????????? ???
> "?????"  ???????,  ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? "????????????".
> ??????????  ???????? ? ??????, ?????? ??? ?????? "?????" ??? ?????????
> ?  ??  ???  ??????  ????????  ???,  ???  ????????  "??????? ??????? ??
> ??????".  ?? ??? ????? - ?????????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????, ? ?? ???
> ???????? "??? ?????" ??? RTOS.
> 
> ????? (?? ?????????????????? ?? ? ?????? ???????) ?? CPU ????????? GPU.
> ??????????  ???  ?????????? ???? ??????????? ??? ????????? ???????, ??
> ??????  ????????????  ? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????.
> GPU ???????   ??   ?????   ?????????   ??????????????   ????  ?  ?????????
> ???????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????.
> ??? ?????? :-) ?? GPU ????????? FPGA.
> 
> ????????  ????????????  FPGA  ?  ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ?
> ?????  ??  ???????????  ?  ???????????  ?????????  ???????. ? ????????
> ???????  -  ?????  ??????? ????????????? ? ??????? ??????????? ??????:
> ???  ???????????  ??????  Ethernet  ??  ????  ?? ??? ?????? ??????????
> ?????????   ?????????   ??????,  ??????  ???  ???????  ????????  ????.
> ????????,  ??????????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????
> ?????.
> 
> ????????????? FPGA ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????: ????? ??????
> ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ??????????, ? ???
> ?????????  ???  ?????????????.  ?????????????  CPU-???????????  ???  ?????
> ???????????  ?????????  ????????  ?????????  ???????? ???????. ???????
> ?????????  ????????  ? ????????? ? ??????? ??????????????????? ???????
> ??????  FPGA.  ???  ????? ???????????? RTL-????, ? RTL-????????????? ?
> ?????????? ?? ??????????.
> 
> ??????????  ?  ???????????????  ????????  ??????????  (HLS, High-level
> synthesis),  ? ???? ??????? ??????????.
> ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ? FPGA ?? python:
> https://habr.com/ru/post/442010/
> ????????? MyHDL    https://www.myhdl.org/
> 
> ???? Open-Source FPGA Foundation (OSFPGA) https://osfpga.org/
> ?????????? ?? ????????, ??????????? ? ???????? ????? ??? ??????????
> ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ??????????? ???????, ?????????
> ? ?????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? FPGA.
> 
> ????????? ? ???????? ???????? ???????????:
> 
> OpenFPGA - ????? ??? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ????????
> (EDA) ??? FPGA, ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??
> ????? Verilog.  https://github.com/lnis-uofu/OpenFPGA
> 
> 1st  CLaaS  -  ?????????,  ???????????  ???????????? FPGA ??? ????????
> ?????????? ??????????? ??? web- ? ???????? ??????????.
> https://github.com/stevehoover/1st-CLaaS
> 
> Verilog-to-Routing  (VTR)  -  ??????????????,  ???????????  ??  ??????
> ???????? ?? ????? Verilog ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? FPGA.
> https://github.com/verilog-to-routing/vtr-verilog-to-routing
> 
> Symbiflow - ?????????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? FPGA Lattice
> iCE40, Lattice ECP5, Xilinx 7 ? QuickLogic EOS S3.  https://symbiflow.github.io/
> 
> EPFL - ????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ???????.
> https://github.com/lsils/lstools-showcase
> 
> Edalize   -  ??????????????  ??  ?????  Python  ???  ??????????????  ?
> ?????????  ?????????????  ??????????????  ??????????? ???????? (EDA) ?
> ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????. https://github.com/olofk/edalize
> 
> GHDL - ??????????, ??????????, ????????? ? ?????????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? VHDL.
> https://github.com/ghdl/ghdl
> 
> VerilogCreator  - ?????? ? QtCreator, ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ?
> ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ????? Verilog 2005.  https://github.com/rochus-keller/verilogcreator/
> 
> SOFA   (Skywater   Open-source   FPGA)   -   ?????  ????????  FPGA  IP
> (Intellectual  Property),  ?????????  ?  ?????????????? Skywater PDK ?
> ?????????? OpenFPGA. https://github.com/lnis-uofu/SOFA
> 
> LiteDRAM - ????????????? IP Core ??? FPGA c ??????????? DRAM.
> https://github.com/enjoy-digital/litedram
> 
> OpenCores.org  ?  ??????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ??? FPGA.
> https://opencores.org/
> ????????? ????????:
> Ethernet 10GE Low Latency MAC : https://opencores.org/projects/xge_ll_mac
> 1G Ethernet UDP/IP Stack : https://opencores.org/projects/udp_ip_stack
> Ethernet 10GE MAC: https://opencores.org/projects/xge_mac
> AES (Rijndael) IP Core:   https://opencores.org/projects/aes_core
> 
> ?  ???????? ??????????? FPGA ??????????? ??? ???????? ?????, ?????????
> ????????  ??????? ? ????????????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????. ? ???????
> ???????????  ????? FPGA ? PCI Express ? ?????????? ??????? ???????????
> ???????????? Intel (Altera) ??? Xilinx.
> 
> ?  Microsoft  ?????  ?????????? FPGA ??? ????????? ?????????? ???????
> Bing,  ?  ?????  ???  ???????????  Software Defined Networking ??????
> ?????? Azure.
> 
> ???? ???????, ??? , ????????, ? ???????? "?_?_?" ? ??????? ? ???????,
> ???? ????-????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ? "?????? ???????".
> ??????????????????  ????  ?????????  ?  ??????,  ?  ????????  ????????
> ??????? (?????????????, ??????????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????)
> ?? ???? ? ????????? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???????,
> ? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????????? ??????? 30-50%.
> ...??-?? ?????????? ??????? ? "???????????? ???????? ??????????"
> ????????,  ?  ?????????,  ?????????? ????????????, ?? ? ???? ?? ??????
> ????????  ???  ?????  "?????  ?????"  :)  ?  ????? ???? ? ?????????? ?
> "???-20" ??????? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? (????????????? ??????, ??????
> ? ?.?.).
> ??????????,  ???????  ?????????  ???????  ??? ??????? ????? ? ?????? ?
> ????????  ??????, ? ?????, ????? ??????????? ????? ????????????, ??? ?
> ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ? ?????-?? ?????????????? ? ??????.
> 
> ? ???? ?????????? :-) ? ?? ?????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ?????????
> (???  FPGA)  ????????  ?????  ????,  ???  ?????? ???, ?? ?????? ??????
> ?????, ? ?????? ? ???????? ??????...
> ???  ???  ????  ????  ?????????  ???????? ???????? ??? ??????? ? ?????
> ????? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ...?? ???????..., ??????? ????? ?????
> ?  ????  ????????? ? ???? ?? ???, ? ??????? ????-?? ??? ????? ? ??????
> ???????? (?? ??? ?????? ????? ???).
> 
> 
> 
> Wednesday, January 5, 2022, 12:56:04 PM, Yevgen Ionov yevgen.ionov at gmail.com you wrote:
> YI> ????????????? FPGA ?????????? ? ???????? ???????? ? data plane (???????????
> YI> ??????????? ? ????????, ???????? ???? RTP timestamp ? ?????????????? P4,
> YI> OpenFlow), ??? ??? ????????? ? ? ??????????????? ?????, AI, ???
> YI> ???????????? ASIC ? ??? fixed instructions. ?.?. ??????????????? ??????? ?
> YI> ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????????????? ??? ?????? ????????????????, ??? ????
> YI> ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ? HW. ??? ???? ????????????
> YI> ?????????????.
> YI> ???? Cisco ??? ????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ? ????? ?????? ???????, ????
> YI> ?? Arista ? Palo Alto ? high end ??????? ??? offload ????????? ?????.
> YI> ?? ? ? offload ???? ????? ???????? ?????????, ??? ???????????? ??. ??? ????
> YI> ????? ?????????? ????????? uCPE, ???????? ?? Intel SoC ? ??????????
> YI> QAT. QAT ??? ?????????? Core ? ??????? ? ???????????? ? ? ????? ?????????,
> YI> ??? ?? ? PanOS, ?? ? FortiOS, ?? ? Cisco ISRv ? VM ?????????? ?? ????
> YI> ???????? ?????????? ??? offload ????? ????? (AES-NI - ??, QAT - ???).
> YI> ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ? ???????.
> 
> YI> ??????????? ? ????????? ????????? ? ???????? ? ???????? ??????? FPGA + P4
> YI> ????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ASIC. ?? ? ???? ???
> YI> ???? ???????????, ???? ???? ????, ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????????.
> 
> YI> On Wed, 5 Jan 2022 at 09:26, Vladimir Sharun <vladimir.sharun at ukr.net>
> YI> wrote:
>>> ??????,
>>> 
>>> Netflix ?????? ???? ?????? ????? Mellanox ConnectX-6 DX c ?????????
>>> ?????????? TCP ? ?????.
>>> 
>>> ? ????? ??? ? ???????? ????????, Netflix/Mellanox/Chelsio "? ?????
>>> freeBSD" ???????? ???, ??????? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????????.
>>> 
>>> ??? ?????????? "?????? ???????": ????? ? ?? ????? ????? AES-NI ? ???
>>> ????????. ?????? ? ?????????? ???????.
>>> 
>>> ? ??-????? ? ??????? ??? FPGA - ?? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????
>>> ????? ????????? ????? ? ????? ???????, ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ? ???????
>>> ?????? ? ?????????????? ??????? ????????????.
>>> 
>>> 
>>> *5 ????? 2022, 01:51:47, ??? "Andriy Berestovskyy" <berestovskyy at gmail.com
>>> <berestovskyy at gmail.com>>: *
>>> 
>>>> On 4 Jan 2022, at 20:15, Alexander V Soroka <alex at euro.net.ua> wrote:
>>>> ????? ????????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ?????? ??????? ????? ????
>>> 
>>> Xeon-? ???? ??????: ???? ?? ??????????? FPGA, ???? ?? ??????????? 2x100Gbps, ???? ? 288 ??????????? ?????????
>>> 
>>>> ??????????  ??  FPGA  ??  ??????  ????? ?????  ? ??????? ??? ????? ??
>>> 
>>> ??? ?????????? TCP/IP ????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? c crypto offload.
>>> 
>>>> ????????  ?????  ?  ????,  ?? ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????????, ?? ?
>>> 
>>> ??? FPGA ????? ????? ????? ??? ???-?? ??????????????????????, ? IPsec/TLS ? ??? ??????????? ??????, ?????? ????? ????????????? ? SoC-??, ? ???????? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??? Linux/FreeBSD?
>>> 
>>> ??????
>>> 
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> uanog mailing listuanog at uanog.kiev.uahttps://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
>>> 
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> uanog mailing list
>>> uanog at uanog.kiev.ua
>>> https://mailman.uanog.kiev.ua/mailman/listinfo/uanog
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> Best regards,
> Alexander V Soroka       http://www.svr.ua/
> AS106-RIPE
> mailto:alex at euro.net.ua
> 
> _______________________________________________
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